Figure 8From: Winsor & Newton original handbooks: a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and Raman spectral database of dyes from modern watercolor pigmentsRaman analysis of alizarin-based pigments. Raman spectra of (a) reference alizarin compared to examples of Raman spectra obtained from Winsor & Newton alizarin-based pigments from the 20th century edition (λexc = 488 nm): (b) ruby madder (alizarin), (c) scarlet lake, (d) permanent crimson, and (e) violet carmine.Back to article page