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Table 5 Trace element composition of obsidian artefacts found in the Tuscany archaeological site

From: Mediterranean and Near East obsidian reference samples to establish artefacts provenance

 

All data (71 samples) mean (min-max)

Group #1 (16 samples) mean ± st. dev. (CV%)

Group #2 (55 samples) mean ± st. dev. (CV%)

As

5.92 (0.770-19.1)

14.8 ± 3.3 (21.9)

1.22 ± 0.35 (28.8)

Ba

931 (114–3813)

1090 ± 1020 (93.6)

846 ± 322 (38.1)

Ce

117 (83.3-170)

105 ± 12 (11.4)

121 ± 20 (16.2)

Co

0.695 (0.170-1.28)

0.250 ± 0.068 (27.1)

0.810 ± 0.120 (14.8)

Cr

1.32 (0.120-3.80)

1.46 ± 0.99 (67.7)

1.27 ± 0.85 (66.6)

Cs

4.68 (1.02-18.5)

15.1 ± 1.7 (11.1)

1.89 ± 0.35 (18.6)

Eu

0.734 (0.080-1.23)

0.100 ± 0.018 (18.3)

0.890 ± 0.118 (13.3)

Fe%

1.05 (0.83-1.44)

0.970 ± 0.099 (10.3)

1.07 ± 0.15 (13.7)

Hf

7.51 (5.97-10.2)

7.17 ± 4.12 (9.1)

7.61 ± 3.53 (11.5)

K%

3.42 (0.765-6.06)

3.28 ± 0.57 (17.3)

3.44 ± 1.30 (37.9)

La

53.1 (5.67-62.8)

51.0 ± 13.0 (25.5)

54.6 ± 8.6 (15.8)

Na%

1.87 (0.567-2.82)

2.06 ± 0.85 (41.5)

1.85 ± 0.43 (23.2)

Nd

28.1 (10.1-47.9)

20.3 ± 7.0 (34.7)

29.7 ± 7.5 (25.1)

Ni

11.1 (0.428-25.5)

16.7

11.3 ± 7.5 (66.1)

Rb

154 (58.9-270)

230 ± 21 (9.0)

133 ± 24 (18.1)

Sb

0.283 (0.020-1.11)

1.00 ± 0.14 (14.0)

0.077 ± 0.028 (36.1)

Sc

2.83 (0.890-4.37)

1.16 ± 0.19 (16.0)

3.29 ± 0.47 (14.4)

Se

2.47 (0.320-3.33)

2.62 ± 0.35 (13.2)

2.42 ± 0.44 (18.3)

Sm

6.21 (2.29-8.87)

5.49 ± 1.05 (19.1)

6.47 ± 1.13 (17.5)

Sr

150 (22.5-758)

337 ± 257 (76.2)

124 ± 96 (77.3)

Ta

1.42 (1.02-2.00)

1.70 ± 0.21 (12.1)

1.35 ± 0.21 (15.7)

Th

24.0 (15.1-46.7)

37.7 ± 3.6 (9.6)

20.3 ± 2.6 (12.8)

U

2.36 (0.570-8.61)

5.91 ± 2.10 (38.9)

1.43 ± 0.65 (45.3)

W

4.21 (0.810-10.1)

13.3 ± 1.8 (13.2)

4.65 ± 3.15 (67.7)

Yb

0.037 (0.020-0.060)

0.054 ± 0.005 (9.4)

0.032 ± 0.007 (22.9)

Zn

52.1 (43.4-60.6)

56.8 ± 2.3 (4.1)

50.9 ± 3.3 (6.5)

Zr

2336 (1541-3247)

2100 ± 252 (12.0)

2407 ± 368 (15.3)

  1. Element content (μg g−1, except Fe, K and K expressed as%) of obsidian artefacts (classified as group #1 and group #2) collected during archaeological excavations in Tuscany and analyzed by INAA.