Figure 3

Cu-K edge XEOL-XANES imaging of a bronze chain mail link recovered from the Mary Rose (item MR81A1436). (a) The link mounted in the end cap of XEOM 1. Inset shows the approximate analysed area. (b) XEOL image (ironbow colour scale) of the surface showing some inhomogeneity. The image was formed by subtracting a pre-edge image from a post edge one to remove the fluorescence background and heighten the contrast. The brighter regions may correspond to a thicker patina, or to resonant photon emission from other impurities such as sodium salts. (c) The Cu-K edge position in each pixel column from the corresponding image stack converted to an image give information on the local oxidation state. The green areas correspond to Cu(I) whilst the blue with an average shift to higher energy around 5 eV correspond to Cu(II).