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Table 2 The list of main classes and the class hierarchy

From: Knowledge graph representation method for semantic 3D modeling of Chinese grottoes

Class name

Superclass

Description

Chinese Grottoes

geo: SpatialObject

An abstract term that generally refers to the grottoes in an area

Grotto Group

Chinese Grottoes

A Chinese Grotto contains multiple grotto groups

Cave and Niche

Grotto Group

A basic unit of grottoes and several caves and niches constitute the grottoes group

Cave roof

Cave and Niche

The top of the cave, exclusive to the cave

Niche eave

Cave and Niche

A protrusion at the top of a niche

Cliff wall

Cave and Niche

A cave contains multiple cliff walls, while a niche has only one

Cliff wall footing

Cave and Niche

Located at the bottom of the cliff wall, protecting the cave and niche

Primary Buddha statue

Cave and Niche

One or a series of statues that are the most dominant in the cave and niche

Other Buddha statue

Cave and Niche

Disciples, guards, or decorative statues of the main Buddha

Decoration

Cliff Wall

A decorative design on the facade of a cave and niche

Pedestal

Cliff Wall

Located at the bottom of a Buddha statue, the Buddha stands or sits on the pedestal

Inscription

Cliff Wall

Flat cliffs or stone tablets with inscriptions

Mountain

Natural Environment

The mountain blends into the cave and niche

Vegetation

Natural Environment

The vegetation around the cave and niche

River

Natural Environment

The water system around the cave and niche

Road surface

Artificial Environment

Man-made landscape road

Guardrail

Artificial Environment

Grottoes scenic area man-made safety facilities

Data structure

Data Object

The data structure of the point cloud

Point cloud density

Data Object

The average density of a point cloud data