Table 3 Summary of the nitrogen isotope values of soil and plants
Treatment | Species | Type | Heading period | Mature period | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Range (‰) | Mean value (‰) | Range (‰) | Mean value (‰) | |||||||
Low | Medium | High | Low | Medium | High | |||||
Original values | Setaria | Soil | 5.2 (n = 1) | |||||||
Seed | 0.4 (n = 1) | |||||||||
Panicum | Soil | 7.0 (n = 1) | ||||||||
Seed | 2.3 (n = 1) | |||||||||
Pig manure | Setaria | Soil | 4.9–5.0 | 4.8–5.1 | 5.1–5.5 | 5.1 ± 0.2 (n = 9) | 6.6–6.9 | 6.0–7.1 | 5.0–5.8 | 6.3 ± 0.7 (n = 9) |
Leaf | 5.7–6.2 | 4.3–5.0 | 3.8–5.0 | 5.0 ± 0.8 (n = 9) | 3.7–6.6 | 4.8–5.3 | 4.8–7.7 | 5.5 ± 1.3 (n = 9) | ||
Grain | \ | \ | \ | \ | 3.4–4.4 | 3.2–3.5 | 3.3–3.5 | 3.5 ± 0.3 (n = 9) | ||
Panicum | Soil | 5.5–6.0 | 5.4–5.9 | 5.3–6.1 | 5.7 ± 0.3 (n = 9) | 5.4–7.2 | 5.8–6.3 | 3.8–6.8 | 5.9 ± 1.0 (n = 9) | |
Leaf | 2.9–7.0 | 3.0–5.6 | 3.7–4.5 | 4.4 ± 1.4 (n = 9) | 6.1–7.0 | 4.3–5.6 | 5.6–6.4 | 5.8 ± 0.8 (n = 9) | ||
Grain | 1.3–4.3 | 1.0–4.0 | 0.9–2.4 | 2.1 ± 1.3 (n = 9) | 5.2–7.0 | 4.4–5.2 | 5.0–5.6 | 5.4 ± 0.8 (n = 9) | ||
Cattle manure | Setaria | Soil | 5.6–5.7 | 4.8–5.1 | 4.6–5.7 | 5.2 ± 0.4 (n = 9) | 4.8–5.3 | 5.1–5.7 | 4.9–5.7 | 5.3 ± 0.3 (n = 9) |
Leaf | 5.6–8.2 | 3.8–5.8 | 5.3–6.5 | 6.0 ± 1.3 (n = 9) | 5.0–5.7 | 4.9–7.7 | 4.1–4.4 | 5.4 ± 1.2 (n = 9) | ||
Grain | \ | \ | \ | \ | 3.7–3.9 | 3.5–3.6 | 3.5–4.0 | 3.7 ± 0.2 (n = 9) | ||
Panicum | Soil | 5.6–6.4 | 4.2–6.4 | 4.9–6.0 | 5.7 ± 0.7 (n = 9) | 6.5–7.6 | 5.9–6.6 | 5.5–7.3 | 6.6 ± 0.7 (n = 9) | |
Leaf | 6.0–7.2 | 2.9–5.2 | 3.1–6.5 | 5.0 ± 1.7 (n = 9) | 6.3–8.3 | 6.5–8.2 | 4.8–6.2 | 6.6 ± 1.3 (n = 9) | ||
Grain | 2.1–4.5 | 0.9–3.5 | 1.3–4.0 | 3.0 ± 1.3 (n = 9) | 7.0–9.3 | 5.2–7.9 | 6.2–7.4 | 7.2 ± 1.1 (n = 9) | ||
Sheep manure | Setaria | soil | 5.7–6.1 | 6.4–6.5 | 5.5–6.1 | 6.1 ± 0.3 (n = 9) | 5.1–6.1 | 5.3–5.8 | 4.9–5.8 | 5.4 ± 0.4 (n = 9) |
Leaf | 4.5–5.4 | 5.1–5.8 | 5.0–7.3 | 5.5 ± 0.8 (n = 9) | 4.6–5.7 | 5.1–7.8 | 6.1–7.9 | 6.3 ± 1.2 (n = 9) | ||
Grain | \ | \ | \ | \ | 2.9–3.3 | 2.7–3.3 | 3.2–3.3 | 3.1 ± 0.2 (n = 9) | ||
Panicum | Soil | 5.6–5.9 | 4.9–6.6 | 5.3–6.0 | 5.8 ± 0.5 (n = 9) | 6.2–6.5 | 7.1–8.1 | 5.4–6.5 | 6.7 ± 0.8 (n = 9) | |
Leaf | 4.9–6.5 | 3.5–3.5 | 2.3–5.6 | 4.7 ± 1.4 (n = 9) | 5.6–6.5 | 5.7–7.2 | 5.4–7.2 | 6.2 ± 0.7 (n = 9) | ||
Grain | 2.2–4.0 | 3.7–3.7 | 0.9–3.4 | 2.6 ± 1.2 (n = 9) | 5.0–6.5 | 5.8–6.5 | 7.0–8.0 | 6.5 ± 0.9 (n = 9) | ||
Chicken manure | Setaria | Soil | 5.9–7.0 | 4.6–5.0 | 5.1–5.5 | 5.5 ± 0.8 (n = 9) | 5.2–5.8 | 5.1–5.5 | 5.2–5.7 | 5.4 ± 0.3 (n = 9) |
Leaf | 3.8–6.5 | 4.7–7.3 | 4.1–6.6 | 5.7 ± 1.4 (n = 9) | 4.3–8.2 | 4.3–5.3 | 5.2–7.0 | 5.6 ± 1.4 (n = 9) | ||
Grain | \ | \ | 3.1–3.4 | 2.8–3.1 | 3.6–3.8 | 3.3 ± 0.4 (n = 9) | ||||
Panicum | Soil | 6.2–7.0 | 5.9–6.6 | 5.7–6.8 | 6.3 ± 0.4 (n = 9) | 4.6–7.3 | 5.5–6.7 | 7.9–8.0 | 6.7 ± 1.2 (n = 9) | |
Leaf | 1.1–5.0 | 3.7–4.9 | 2.0–6.5 | 3.8 ± 2.0 (n = 9) | 3.4–5.7 | 4.3–5.3 | 4.9–6.9 | 5.1 ± 1.0 (n = 9) | ||
Grain | 4.3–5.9 | 2.9–5.7 | 1.9–5.4 | 4.3 ± 1.4 (n = 9) | 4.6–5.7 | 4.4–5.2 | 5.0–6.7 | 5.3 ± 0.7 (n = 9) | ||
Unmanured | Setaria | Soil | 4.4–4.8 | 4.7 ± 0.2(n = 3) | 4.7–6.1 | 5.2 ± 0.6 (n = 3) | ||||
Leaf | 3.4–7.1 | 5.0 ± 1.5(n = 3) | 4.5–4.7 | 4.6 ± 0.1 (n = 3) | ||||||
Grain | \ | \ | 2.9–3.7 | 3.3 ± 0.3 (n = 3) | ||||||
Panicum | Soil | 5.4–5.5 | 5.4 ± 0.1(n = 3) | 5.9–7.7 | 6.6 ± 0.8 (n = 3) | |||||
Leaf | 3.5–5.5 | 4.6 ± 0.9(n = 3) | 5.4–5.8 | 5.6 ± 0.2 (n = 3) | ||||||
Grain | 2.9–3.6 | 3.3 ± 0.3(n = 3) | 4.3–5.6 | 5.0 ± 0.5 (n = 3) | ||||||
Urea | Setaria | Soil | 4.8–6.0 | 5.4 ± 0.5(n = 3) | 4.8–5.4 | 5.2 ± 0.2 (n = 3) | ||||
Leaf | 0.6–3.4 | 1.7 ± 1.2(n = 3) | -0.2–3.5 | 1.3 ± 1.6 (n = 3) | ||||||
Grain | \ | \ | 1.7–1.8 | 1.7 ± 0.1 (n = 3) | ||||||
Panicum | Soil | 4.3–4.5 | 4.4 ± 0.1(n = 3) | 6.0–6.8 | 6.5 ± 0.3 (n = 3) | |||||
Leaf | − 0.1 to 1.3 | 0.6 ± 0.6(n = 3) | 1.3–1.9 | 1.7 ± 0.3 (n = 3) | ||||||
Grain | 0.4–2.1 | 1.3 ± 0.7(n = 3) | 2.9–3.2 | 3.1 ± 0.1 (n = 3) | ||||||
Compound fertilizer | Setaria | Soil | 5.0–5.3 | 5.1 ± 0.1(n = 3) | 5.3–5.4 | 5.3 ± 0.0 (n = 3) | ||||
Leaf | 2.0–4.7 | 3.1 ± 1.1(n = 3) | 4.4–5.2 | 4.7 ± 0.3 (n = 3) | ||||||
Grain | \ | \ | 3.6–3.9 | 3.8 ± 0.1 (n = 3) | ||||||
Panicum | Soil | 5.1–5.4 | 5.2 ± 0.1(n = 3) | 5.2–6.4 | 6.0 ± 0.6 (n = 3) | |||||
Leaf | 1.7–4.6 | 3.3 ± 1.2(n = 3) | 5.8–7.3 | 6.3 ± 0.7 (n = 3) | ||||||
Grain | 1.4–3.1 | 2.0 ± 0.8(n = 3) | 5.2–5.8 | 5.6 ± 0.3 (n = 3) | ||||||