Experimental archaeological study in China: implications for reconstruction of past manuring and dietary practices indicated by δ15N values of Setaria italica and Panicum miliaceum

Heritage Science

Table 5 summary of δ¹⁵N values from bone collagen of humans, domestic pig in some archaeological sites in northern China

Site	Period	Human δ¹³C	Human δ¹⁵N Range	Human δ¹⁵N Average	n	Pig δ¹³C	Pig δ¹⁵N	n	Reference
Qingliangsi Shanxi	4050-1700BC	− 8.1 ± 0.9	6.2–10.6	8.5 ± 1.1	27	\	\	\	[67]
Miaozigou Inner Mongolia	3500-3000BC	− 7.2 ± 0.2	9.0–9.5	9.2 ± 0.2	9	\	\	\	[66]
Shenggedaliang Shaanxi	1875-1665BC	− 8.5 ± 1.8	6.2–11.8	8.8 ± 1.4	28	− 8.3 ± 0.8	7.7 ± 0.8	7	[26]
Baligang Henan	1600-1046BC	− 11.7 ± 1.0	9.2–10.9	10.2 ± 0.9	3	\	\	\	[60]
Hengshui Shanxi	1046-771BC	− 8.3 ± 1.1	7.2–11.9	9.0 ± 1.0	82	\	\	\	[68]
Neiyangyuan Shanxi	770-476BC	− 8.6 ± 1.6	7.9–11.7	9.6 ± 1.0	23	\	\	\	[62]
Chongpingyuan Shaanxi	770-403BC	− 7.9 ± 0.5	7.9–10.4	8.8 ± 0.6	15	− 8.1 ± 0.5	7.5 ± 0.5	2	[27]
Taosibei Shanxi	770-221BC	− 7.9 ± 0.4	\	9.6 ± 0.9	66	\	\	\	[69]
Jianyu Shaanxi	468-221BC	− 8.8 ± 0.6	9.4–11.4	10.3 ± 0.5	26	\	\	\	[58]
Fuluta Inner Mongolia	221BC-8AD	− 8.5 ± 0.4	8.3–10.3	9.2 ± 0.5	29	− 8.6 ± 1.1	7.7 ± 1.1	3	[54]
Xindianzi Inner Mongolia	476-453BC	− 11.5 ± 0.9	9.2–12.0	10.3 ± 0.8	20	\	\	\	[55]
Xiaonanzhuang Shanxi	550-403BC	− 8.0 ± 0.4	9.0–11.7	10.5 ± 0.9	16	\	\	\	[70]
Nalintaohai Inner Mongolia	8-220AD	− 10.0 ± 0.8	11.9–14.8	13.3 ± 1.2	7	\	\	\	[53]
Guangmin, Guandao and Jichang Shaanxi	202BC-220AD	− 11.3 ± 1.1	7.1–12.5	9.5 ± 1.1	40	\	\	\	[59]