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Table 3 The traumatic lesions observed on skeleton 2

From: Perpetrators from Treblinka: interdisciplinary investigations of seven single graves with “Trawniki Men”

Location

Trauma

Skull- occipital bone

1. An oval defect on the left side of the bone, near the lambdoid suture, of dimensions 14 × 9 mm, on the bottom side of the defect there is a slight beveling

2. A circular defect in the area of the occipital protuberance, in the middle of the squama, approximately 9 × 11 mm in size. On the left margin of the defect, there is a slight crater-like collapse of the bone fragments. From the defect goes a line of incomplete fracture that reaches the skull base

3. An incomplete fracture running from the foramen magnum at the back of the left articular surface towards the back of the skull for a length of about 22 mm

4. On the skull base, next to the spheno-occipital synchondrosis, there are raised, bulging bone structures with incomplete comminuted fractures and green bone staining

Skull- left temporal bone

5. A funnel-shaped defect along the mastoid process, of a maximum width of about 11 mm. The defect runs slightly anteriorly inferior. On the anterior side, there are perpendicular lines of incomplete fractures that extend from the fracture edges

6. An incomplete fracture running parallel to the injury described above, running across both edges of the external auditory meatus. The fracture line runs up the bone for about 18 mm

Skull- left maxilla

7. An incomplete fracture running parallel to the zygomatic-maxillary suture from the lower edge of the orbit downwards and to the posterior side. There the fracture line changes into a circular defect that exposes the maxillary sinus. It is impossible to estimate the time of the defect formation