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Table 1 Variable names and descriptions

From: Mapping landscape in Longshan period’s hierarchical society (3000–2000BCE) of North Loess Plateau: from archaeological predictive model to GIS spatial analysis

Variable name

Scale

Description

STATE (dependent)

Nominal

Variable with the values 1 = site presence and 0 = site absence

Elevation

Ratio

The height above sea level is measured in meters

Slope

Ratio

Slope in degree

Aspect

Ratio

Aspect in degree

Relief300

Ratio

An index to show the geomorphology feature, with the neighborhood 300m*300m

Precipitation

Ratio

A climate index in millimeter

Temperature

Ratio

A climate index in degree

Distance to water

Nominal

Distance to a water feature; It was classified into 6 classes (500, 1000,2000,5000,10,000,50,000 m are the intervals). In the model, Class one which is less than and equal to 500 m is the reference for the dummy variable settings)

Vegetation cover

Nominal

Five categories of Fractional vegetation cover (FVC) and 10%, 30%, 45%, 60% are the intervals

Land cover

Nominal

1 = farmland and 0 = non-farmland