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Heritage Science

Table 1 Summary of Py–THM–GCMS data from reference paint samples and case studies of Kandinsky and Picasso paintings

From: Synergistic use of Py–THM–GCMS, DTMS, and ESI–MS for the characterization of the organic fraction of modern enamel paints

Sample

Paint colora

Description

P/S

Su/Az

Pinaceae

Additional components

Paint from cansb

 HP002

Blanc de Neige 1

Dry film

1.2

0.54

–

 

 HP008

Blanc d’Ivoire 53

Dry residue

1.9

0.40

Trace

 

 HP010

Gris Perle Foncé 10

Dry film

1.3

0.50

–

 

 HP087

Gris Perle Foncé 10

Dry film

1.1

0.38

x

Erucic acid

  

Liquid

0.94

n.d.

x

Erucic acid; sesquiterpenes

 HP088

Gris Pierre Clair 76

Dry film

1.1

0.36

xx

Trace sesquiterpenes

 HP013

Bleu Outremer 13

Dry residue

0.87

0.54

xx

 

Liquid

0.99

n.d.

xx

Erucic acid; sesquiterpenes

 HP019

Bengaline Bleu Outremer

Dry film

0.99

0.40

xxx

 

 HP089

Bleu Turquoise Moyen 69

Dry film

1.1

0.56

xx

Erucic acid; trace sesquiterpenes

 HP060

Noire d’Ivoire 5

Dry film

1.2

0.58

xxx

Sesquiterpenes

 HP064

Noir d’Ivoire 5

Dry medium

1.1

0.47

xx

 
  

Liquid

1.1

n.d.

xx

Sesquiterpenes

 HP093

Noir d’Ivoire 5

Dry film

1.0

0.51

xx

 

 HP016

Rouge de Chine 16

Dry film

0.91

0.58

xx

Ricinoleic acid; anthraquinone?

 HP030

Rouge de Chine 16

Dry film

0.91

0.59

xx

Ricinoleic acid; anthraquinone?

 HP029

Vert Romain Moyen 73

Dry film

1.0

0.53

xx

 

 HP092

Vert Irlandais Clair 29

Dry film

1.0

0.41

xx

Sesquiterpenes

Ripolin brochures

 B1

Blanc de Neige 1

Color swatch

1.4

0.42

x

 

 B1

Gris Perle Foncé 10

Color swatch

1.3

0.52

xx

 

 B1

Bleu Outremer 13

Color swatch

1.1

0.36

xxx

 

 B1

Noir d’Ivoire 5

Color swatch

1.0

0.32

xx

 

Lefranc tube paints

 2009.32

Blanc de Zinc

Dry film

1.7

0.14

–

Erucic acid

 2007.48

Blanc de Zinc

Dry film

1.7

0.14

–

 

 2009.49

Blanc de Zinc

Dry film

1.1

0.16

–

Erucic acid

 2009.70

Blanc de Zinc

Dry film

1.6

0.13

–

 

 2009.68

Blanc d’Argent

Dry film

3.9

0.12

–

 

 2007.15

Outremer 2

Dry film

1.0

0.38

Trace

 

 2009.66

Outremer N1

Dry film

2.7

0.43

–

 

 2009.39

Bleu Mineral

Dry film

1.1

0.23

–

Erucic acid

 2007.31

Black (unlabeled)

Dry film

0.79

0.16

–

 

 2007.61

Noir d’Ivoire

Dry film

3.2

0.20

–

 

 2007.58

Laque Carminée Fixe

Dry film

1.5

0.30

Trace

Trace ricinoleic acid

 2007.04

Orange (unlabeled)

Dry film

2.6

0.17

–

Beeswax

Samples from paintings

 Kandinsky

Light blue

Paint

1.6

0.39

xxx

 

 Picasso

White

Paint

1.4

0.19

Trace

 
  1. n.d. = not determined: levels too low for accurate measurement.
  2. aThe numbers are Ripolin and Lefranc product numbers.
  3. bAll paint cans are Ripolin brand except one Bengaline sample, HP019 Bleu Outremer.
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