Table 1 Construction sequence for buildings of the Preah Vihar monument based on their sandstone block and pediment characteristics

1st (Bakheng style period: the end of the 9th century to the beginning of the 10th century)

Western Annex Hall (N2) central, upper structure

0.011 (0.009)

2690 (1980)

6300 (200)

1100 (80)

33.6 (38.3)

205 (18)

11,800 (880)

10.4 (2.5)

12.8 (4.4)

24 (6.8)

14 (2.9)

12.2 (2.8)

71.8 (11.9)

4.2 (1.8)

Small

Western Annex Hall (N2) central, platform

0.015 (0.007)

2470 (1720)

6800 (450)

1050 (249)

13.4 (6.3)

287 (156)

9580 (2220)

13.8 (6.0)

13.5 (8.3)

20 (5.9)

14 (2.0)

10.2 (1.7)

75.0 (19.1)

5.1 (0.8)

Small

Western Annex Hall (N2) east, lower platform

0.018 (0.010)

4260 (2450)

6760 (410)

1060 (205)

19.8 (2.6)

381 (128)

9500 (1570)

25.8 (27.2)

28.9 (3.3)

30 (11.5)

16 (3.3)

13.2 (2.3)

83.1 (22.7)

5.8 (1.9)

Small

Western Annex Hall (N2) west, platform

0.014 (0.013)

3170 (2450)

6990 (410)

1070 (166)

19.8 (2.6)

196 (128)

11,800 (2650)

11.0 (27.2)

22.2 (3.3)

20 (2.6)

14 (1.8)

12.0 (2.3)

75.4 (22.7)

4.9 (1.9)

Small

2nd (Late Khleang style period: the early 11th century)

Western Annex Hall (N2) east, upper structure

0.042 (0.019)

5510 (1560)

6210 (120)

1240 (107)

35.4 (16.3)

180 (14)

11,500 (1340)

13.2 (1.0)

34.2 (10.6)

44 (4.4)

19 (1.0)

15.3 (3.0)

101.2 (31.9)

5.4 (2.4)

Small

Scroll, one block

Western Annex Hall (N2) east, upper platform

0.042 (0.019)

7530 (1000)

8330 (2640)

1360 (191)

31.6 (9.8)

184 (19)

11,600 (1530)

19.4 (18.9)

27.3 (3.5)

41 (11.2)

19 (3.0)

15.7 (2.1)

116.7 (14.3)

5.2 (1.8)

Small

Eastern Annex Hall (N1)

0.047 (0.021)

5990 (1750)

6660 (330)

1510 (322)

23.2 (5.2)

205 (40)

10,600 (640)

29.2 (22.3)

30.1 (10.6)

33 (7.0)

20 (3.5)

17.0 (2.0)

107.5 (40.3)

3.9 (0.6)

Medium

Scroll, one block

Western U-shaped Extension (O2)

0.043 (0.017)

6640 (570)

6270 (250)

1430 (222)

23.0 (3.5)

256 (94)

11,400 (670)

15.0 (10.4)

32.2 (5.1)

42 (2.9)

19 (1.6)

18.5 (3.4)

156.0 68.0

4.3 (1.9)

Medium

Scroll, one block

Western L-shaped Gallery (K2) platform

0.041 (0.025)

6060 (3250)

6300 (220)

1260 (405)

21.4 (10.0)

244 (67)

12,400 (2680)

21.6 (10.3)

36.2 (17.0)

36 (14.4)

21 (7.4)

14.3 (3.7)

119.8 (56.2)

11 (6.3)

Medium

3rd (Late Khleang style period: the early 11th century to the mid-11th century)

Western Annex Hall (N2) west, upper structure

0.045 (0.018)

2860 (2440)

6170 (220)

1000 (189)

29.4 (16.5)

161 (24)

8300 (2660)

11.4 (2.9)

19.0 (4.6)

24 (14.1)

14 (3.4)

11.8 (6.8)

80.4 (25.5)

3.7 (1.9)

Mediem

Scroll, one block

Eastern U-shaped Extension (O1)

0.030 (0.016)

4880 (2380)

6350 (150)

970 (104)

23.6 (13.0)

231 (150)

8600 (1080)

19.2 (8.6)

21.0 (7.5)

27 (7.2)

25 (12.6)

16.7 (5.9)

72.2 (13.2)

7.1 (3.2)

Medium

Scroll, one block

Gopura V (W)

0.023 (0.017)

5530 (5280)

6250 (140)

800 (135)

11.8 (2.3)

142 (12)

8200 (1050)

14.0 (3.0)

12.1 (3.9)

25 (15.2)

15 (4.4)

10.0 (2.8)

66.9 (23.2)

4.9 (0.4)

Large

Scroll, one block

Western L-shaped Gallery (K2) upper structure

0.025 (0.013)

2130 (990)

6190 (48)

870 (133)

15.2 (8.2)

159 (20)

8900 (1280)

15.0 (5.5)

25.1 (2.7)

22 (6.8)

19 (5.5)

11.9 (1.3)

70.2 (11.3)

6.0 (1.6)

Medium

Scroll, two blocks

4th (End of the Khleang to Baphuon style periods: the mid-11th century to the end of the 11th century)

Gopura III (P)

0.055 (0.017)

8080 (1710)

6420 (310)

1360 (146)

39.0 (18.3)

217 (70)

15,800 (2660)

50.2 (35.6)

38.3 (12.9)

42 (4.6)

23 (5.4)

17.5 (6.1)

133.2 (77.7)

12.8 (8.6)

Large

Scroll, one block

Gopura II (L)

0.057 (0.017)

6460 (1440)

6090 (87)

1370 (179)

32.2 (15.2)

179 (20)

11,800 (600)

27.4 (15.1)

35.8 (8.3)

40 (6.8)

19 (2.4)

16.2 (3.0)

92.2 (13.3)

6.9 (0.9)

Medium

Scroll, two blocks

Eastern L-shaped Galley (K1)

0.051 (0.012)

6580 (1460)

6220 (120)

1420 (91)

19.0 (5.0)

182 (27)

12,400 (1410)

17.4 (5.6)

29.9 (10.7)

43 (6.0)

20 (2.6)

17.1 (5.8)

141.4 (26.7)

4.7 (1.7)

Medium

Scroll, two blocks

Hall (J)

0.067 (0.016)

7400 (1420)

6350 (260)

1460 (261)

28.6 (4.2)

204 (31)

12,500 (880)

72.6 (46.6)

64.6 (41.5)

40 (6.7)

27 (7.2)

13.2 (3.1)

130.0 (28.7)

16.0 (14.2)

Medium

Scroll, two blocks

Gopura I (G)

0.049 (0.013)

6090 (2590)

6260 (58)

1480 (238)

29.2 (7.0)

201 (14)

11,000 (1640)

32 (9.1)

47.5 (14.3)

37 (11.2)

24 (5.2)

19.5 (6.5)

133.6 (47.9)

34.3 (50.4)

Medium

Scroll, two blocks

Mandapa (C)

0.068 (0.012)

6540 (1640)

7860 (2180)

1330 (126)

142.8 (239.6)

456 (159)

11,100 (810)

21.6 (8.8)

51.0 (26.1)

42 (4.9)

21 (2.4)

52.3 (70.1)

108.0 (19.6)

80.2 (59.6)

Medium

Five-headed naga

5th (Baphuon to Angkor Wat style periods: the mid-11th century to the end of the 12th century)

Western Building (E)

0.036 (0.007)

2940 (1030)

6240 (210)

1100 (212)

16.6 (4.5)

159 (16)

8900 (1400)

10.6 (6.2)

21.5 (10.8)

25 (7.3)

16 (2.5)

12.5 (2.4)

76.5 (7.1)

5.1 (1.3)

Medium + large

Scroll, two blocks

Eastern Building (F)

0.042 (0.016)

3950 (3020)

6320 (200)

1140 (340)

21.0 (11.7)

169 (19)

9200 (2060)

10.6 (1.6)

22.5 (10.3)

27 (7.4)

18 (7.0)

11.8 (2.2)

89.1 (32.1)

4.3 (2.3)

Large

Scroll, two blocks

Gopura IV (T)

0.032 (0.019)

4230 (2550)

6160 (96)

1060 (273)

24.8 (10.5)

210 (51)

10,500 (2030)

11.2 (3.7)

22.5 (9.6)

29 (13.0)

15 (4.3)

12.2 (3.5)

80.1 (27.8)

10.2 (8.4)

Large

Five-headed naga

Eastern Library (H1)

0.020 (0.012)

5820 (2930)

6380 (160)

1270 (395)

26.2 (7.5)

175 (21)

9200 (2590)

19.2 (9.9)

37.8 (16.8)

32 (13.5)

58 (32.8)

15.3 (2.1)

114.1 (67.1)

4.7 (2.0)

Large

Five-headed naga

Western Library (H2)

0.019 (0.011)

7430 (1480)

6250 (170)

1135 (243)

34.2 (15.9)

176 (22)

8400 (1610)

80.6 (110.4)

47.7(15.6)

24 (4.9)

56 (23.4)

14.7 (5.5)

66.0 (10.2)

9.1 (4.1)

Large

Five-headed naga

South Gopura (A)

0.022 (0.011)

3750 (4940)

6200 (140)

1140 (164)

26.6 (11.0)

190 (52)

7600 (690)

78.4 (115.5)

37.5 (39.3)

18 (4.1)

28 (13.7)

18.3 (10.3)

68.5 (10.2)

7.4 (2.7)

Large

Five-headed naga

Central Sanctuary (B)

0.034 (0.018)

4520 (2390)

7280 (940)

1230 (217)

22.2 (7.7)

322 (122)

9300 (720)

26.8 (13.4)

41.2 (33.7)

27 (7.7)

17 (1.8)

12.7 (2.7)

83.6 (24.5)

84.0 (142.7)

Large

Gallery (D) east

0.033 (0.016)

12,840 (4540)

7050 (460)

1360 (199)

32.8 (4.3)

244 (69)

11,100 (1560)

22.4 (12.2)

82.1 (76.2)

33 (6.8)

30 (12.5)

12.6 (3.6)

93.9 (33.3)

17.2 (19.4)

Medium + large

Five-headed naga

Gallery (D) west

0.027 (0.017)

2800 (2280)

6460 (260)

1000 (101)

37.8 (23.7)

336 (251)

8300 (900)

30.6 (27.5)

66.0 (27.1)

20 (5.2)

28

(15.8)

30.0

(22.6)

63.9

(12.4)

12.9

(4.8)

Large

Five-headed naga

Eastern Wall (Z1)

0.037 (0.015)

4570 (930)

6240 (360)

1180 (211)

27.2 (12.7)

215 (50)

11,600 (1000)

11.4 (3.7)

32.6 (11.3)

33 (1.6)

17 (0.9)

19.4 (3.2)

140.7 (84.1)

6.6 (1.8)

Large

Western Wall (Z2)

0.024 (0.013)

5040 (4790)

6110 (75)

1040 (300)

20.8 (15.2)

153 (16)

7049 (840)

12.8 (3.9)

21.4 (8.0)

28 (9.4)

15 (4.4)

12.5 (3.6)

123.8 (75.5)

5.7 (1.1)

Large

Tower (Q)

0.036 (0.018)

6690 (1730)

9000 (4380)

1310 (91)

34.0 (7.6)

210 (33)

11,300 (1820)

55.6 (39.2)

34.4 (10.3)

32 (7.3)

22 (7.1)

19.0 (4.4)

86.5 (16.5)

4.2 (1.3)

Large