A timeline for the introduction of synthetic dyestuffs in Japan during the late Edo and Meiji periods

Heritage Science

Table 2 Pigment materials used in combination in the Japanese prints considered in this study

Colors	Organic dyestuffs		Inorganic pigments
Colors	Natural	Synthetic	–
Red	Safflower red	–	Vermilion—iron oxide
	Carmine	–	Vermilion—iron oxide
	Carmine	Eosin	–
	Carmine	Eosin	Vermilion
	–	Eosin	–
	–	Naphthol red	Vermilion
	–	Naphthol red—eosin	–
	–	Naphthol red—eosin	Vermilion
Purple	Safflower red	–	Prussian blue
	Magenta^a	–	Prussian blue
	Magenta—methyl/crystal violet^b,c	–	–

^a Rosaniline before 1869, rosaniline/pararosaniline after 1869
^b Methyl violet before 1883, methyl/crystal violet after 1883
^c Refer to the previous paragraph for a complete discussion about this possible mixture