The book on how to make all the colour paints for illuminating books: unravelling a Portuguese Hebrew illuminators’ manual

Heritage Science

Table 2 Colours and chapters in which instructions for their manufacture is described

Colour and chapter	Chapter	Final product	Analytical techniques	References
	1, 2	Mosaic gold *SnS*₂	XRD; XRF; Raman microscopy; FORS (VIS); colorimetry	[24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31]
	10	Red lead Pb₃O₄	XRD; XRF; Raman microscopy; FORS (VIS); colorimetry	[32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40]
	15	Vermilion *HgS*	XRD; XRF; Raman microscopy; FORS (VIS); colorimetry	[31, 41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50]
	11, 12	Verdigris *Cu(CH₃COO)*₂·H₂O	XRD; XRF; Raman microscopy; Infrared spectroscopy; FORS (VIS); colorimetry	[51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58]
In progress	5	Fine blue
	13	Fine carmine *lac dye red*	HPLC–DAD; microspectrofluorimetry; Raman microscopy (SERS); infrared spectroscopy; FORS (VIS); colorimetry	[5, 38, 59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70, 75]
	8	Rose *brazilwood lake pigment*		[6, 7, 59, 66, 71,72,73,74]
	9	Another rose colour *brazilwood lake pigment*
	27	Good rose colour *brazilwood lake pigment*
	44	Good rose colour *brazilwood lake pigment*
In progress	24	Katasol
In progress	45	Green lily		[17, 18]

Colour and colour paints were characterized with the main analytical techniques indicated. References that were important for the rationale of the recipe and publications dealing with the reconstructed pigments are also given. A particularly relevant publication is marked in bolditalics. Final products as described in “the book of all colour paints” are in italics