Archaeometric characterization of Byzantine pottery from Păcuiul lui Soare

Bugoi, Roxana; Talmaţchi, Cristina; Haitǎ, Constantin; Ceccato, Daniele

doi:10.1186/s40494-019-0298-2

Heritage Science

Table 3 Chemical composition data determined by PIXE for ceramic body expressed in mass% for major and minor elements and ppm for traces (“0” means below the detection limits)

From: Archaeometric characterization of Byzantine pottery from Păcuiul lui Soare

	MgO (mass%)	Al₂O₃ (mass%)	SiO₂ (mass%)	P₂O₅ (mass%)	SO₃ (ppm)	Cl (ppm)	K₂O (mass%)	CaO (mass%)	TiO₂ (mass%)	Cr₂O (ppm)	MnO (ppm)
P1	2.7	18.4	66.3	0	0	0	2.5	2.5	0.9	0	919
P2	2.0	18.3	67.9	0.4	0	0	3.1	1.3	1.0	216	910
P3	2.7	17.1	63.7	0.9	922	0	2.9	5.7	0.9	224	1277
P4	2.0	16.8	70.9	0.4	0	0	2.4	1.4	0.9	165	864
P5	2.4	17.5	69.4	0.0	0	0	2.9	1.3	1.0	454	912
P6	2.2	17.3	67.5	0.5	1556	0	2.8	2.6	1.0	168	640
P7	2.6	18.2	65.4	0.4	0	0	3.1	3.3	0.9	158	980
P8	3.6	19.8	58.0	0.4	521	189	3.4	6.3	1.0	274	1335
P9	2.6	17.1	63.3	0.6	0	0	2.9	6.8	1.0	160	941
P10	1.9	16.2	63.7	0.7	2506	571	2.8	8.7	0.9	215	725
P11	3.2	17.6	60.8	1.0	837	1276	3.1	6.9	1.1	160	1074
P12	4.9	18.1	57.2	0.4	0	0	3.2	7.9	1.0	463	1026
P13	4.3	18.2	58.1	0.5	0	283	3.7	7.0	1.0	399	1158
P14	1.1	23.2	69.8	0.5	0	395	1.3	0.8	1.1	124	337
P15	0.9	25.0	68.3	0.1	0	0	2.2	0.5	1.0	118	122
P16	1.2	23.5	69.6	0.4	0	505	1.3	0.7	1.1	85	351
P17	1.2	22.5	71.2	0.1	0	176	1.4	0.6	1.1	93	180
P18	1.3	26.0	62.0	0.2	0	179	1.6	1.7	1.3	204	141
P19	1.1	26.6	65.7	0.5	697	702	1.4	1.2	1.1	153	84
P20	0.9	28.6	59.2	0.6	885	226	1.3	0.8	1.3	217	326
P21	1.2	22.9	63.0	0.5	0	746	1.7	1.0	1.7	266	225
P22	1.0	24.0	67.3	0.3	0	217	1.3	1.1	1.2	146	327
P23	1.1	24.6	67.3	0.6	867	927	1.2	1.3	1.2	118	206
P24	1.3	22.7	69.4	0.2	0	0	1.4	0.6	1.4	149	252
P25	1.1	28.6	55.7	0.4	727	270	1.3	1.1	1.3	225	627
P26	1.0	26.7	61.9	0.9	684	0	1.7	1.2	1.3	163	318
P27	1.3	21.3	68.5	0.1	0	106	1.8	0.5	1.2	122	120
P28	1.3	26.2	64.2	0.3	0	0	1.3	0.6	1.3	184	304
P29	1.1	27.4	60.3	0.5	1088	308	1.0	1.2	1.3	241	180
P30	1.1	24.5	65.1	0.6	0	202	1.3	1.6	1.2	176	255
P31	1.9	17.3	63.4	2.5	0	320	3.0	2.3	1.1	166	3742
P32	2.9	17.9	64.2	0.5	935	244	3.2	3.3	0.9	311	637
P33	2.7	15.0	70.2	0.5	0	179	2.5	2.8	0.8	183	1057
P34	3.1	17.2	61.9	0.3	784	266	4.6	3.7	0.6	224	339
P35	3.2	17.4	63.8	0.2	593	209	4.5	0.8	0.7	208	524
P36	2.2	16.8	60.6	0.7	2739	610	5.8	5.5	0.9	237	1145
P37	2.5	17.1	63.8	1.3	0	0	2.9	4.6	0.9	229	1353
P38	1.6	24.7	65.0	0.7	1196	292	1.1	1.2	1.0	201	0
P39	2.5	16.9	63.8	1.0	0	248	3.1	4.9	1.0	208	1125
P40	6.2	19.7	58.7	1.0	1291	444	2.7	4.2	0.8	239	1702
P41	2.9	18.6	59.7	0.9	0	0	3.1	3.9	1.0	152	888
P42	3.8	18.8	62.7	0.6	0	381	2.7	3.9	0.8	291	415
P43	5.3	17.1	59.5	0.6	1206	835	3.9	3.2	0.6	246	0
P44	3.7	19.3	61.9	0.5	1481	2754	3.5	1.5	1.0	234	993
P45	1.9	17.3	65.4	0.6	810	234	3.3	1.7	1.1	232	1342

	Fe₂O₃ (mass%)	NiO (ppm)	CuO (ppm)	ZnO (ppm)	Ga₂O₃ (ppm)	Rb₂O (ppm)	SrO (ppm)	Y₂O₃ (ppm)	ZrO₂ (ppm)	PbO (ppm)
P1	5.6	91	0	109	0	0	164	0	0	2645
P2	5.7	59	25	106	27	147	110	0	314	249
P3	5.5	89	49	164	32	103	173	0	400	1628
P4	4.8	59	0	93	0	90	109	57	307	1102
P5	5.2	59	33	112	24	124	125	0	243	55
P6	5.2	78	43	100	0	113	156	0	180	3918
P7	5.7	61	46	132	23	144	148	0	456	484
P8	7.1	152	47	220	23	160	179	39	171	107
P9	5.3	67	29	136	21	124	209	0	300	0
P10	4.5	67	38	106	17	84	341	58	276	0
P11	5.9	110	34	179	26	153	268	0	195	86
P12	7.1	254	58	146	31	121	214	0	141	54
P13	7.0	216	64	144	28	135	180	0	168	31
P14	1.9	18	13	53	26	57	57	0	269	27
P15	2.0	20	0	39	31	73	51	36	276	27
P16	1.9	12	13	47	26	69	86	29	271	21
P17	1.8	19	14	35	32	62	47	37	279	43
P18	5.7	26	0	57	33	84	111	0	317	33
P19	2.3	21	16	36	29	40	69	50	469	40
P20	7.1	35	23	73	45	37	154	0	313	51
P21	7.8	39	36	115	53	105	118	0	576	0
P22	3.4	23	21	65	49	80	97	34	584	50
P23	2.3	28	0	58	32	61	101	25	357	35
P24	2.8	36	29	65	47	100	106	62	470	36
P25	10.3	41	26	119	54	55	193	36	420	38
P26	5.1	42	28	96	40	68	157	36	354	54
P27	5.1	33	31	77	45	124	69	58	383	40
P28	4.5	0	17	75	45	82	196	0	452	51
P29	7.0	37	26	80	42	59	166	28	437	30
P30	4.4	37	26	60	34	65	172	27	455	42
P31	8.0	110	60	209	30	121	312	53	260	58
P32	6.7	100	52	166	28	174	244	53	330	90
P33	5.3	57	39	142	23	124	202	36	342	36
P34	8.4	74	35	172	33	199	144	0	102	50
P35	9.1	89	47	192	32	238	139	0	94	55
P36	6.9	87	82	250	29	237	229	45	492	59
P37	6.5	84	64	182	24	154	363	35	354	106
P38	4.5	0	72	61	55	63	100	56	401	49
P39	6.4	88	54	168	29	138	304	46	454	63
P40	6.3	58	86	200	46	177	203	29	217	96
P41	9.5	166	75	251	31	232	356	0	257	101
P42	6.2	78	92	200	57	178	200	45	350	104
P43	9.2	58	71	201	59	287	191	0	121	0
P44	7.8	42	91	201	40	189	201	53	1713	180
P45	8.3	107	57	488	37	200	195	85	544	160

Results were normalized to 100%; “0” values in the table means below the detection limits—see Table 2

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