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Table 1 Characteristic parameters of collagen shrinking and rates of thermal oxidative degradation for untreated and treated historical samples

From: The effect of halloysite nanotubes dispersions on vegetable-tanned leather thermal stability

Sample

Hydrothermal stability (shrinking behavior)

Thermo-oxidation rate

Standard method

MHT method

TG/DTG

Ts (°C)

Tf (°C)

Ts (°C)

Tl (°C)

d %Δm/dt (min−1)

Untreated

68 ± 1

36.2 ± 0.8

68.6 ± 1.2

86 ± 2.3

4.78

HNT-beeswax

72 ± 2

42.4 ± 1.3

71.3 ± 2.8

84 ± 3.1

1.96

HNT-PEG

74 ± 1

44.8 ± 1.0

73.7 ± 1.6

83 ± 1.9

3.54

HNT-BNUTO

70 ± 1

45.1 ± 0.9

69.4 ± 1.5

82 ± 2.0

3.89

  1. For both standard and MHT methods, at least three measurements with fresh samples were performed for each sample
  2. Uncertainty is the standard deviation