Table 1 Colorants included in the study
Colorant source | Japanese name | English name | Material type | Supplier and number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Blue | ||||
Commelina communis L. | Tsuyukusa | Dayflower | Dye-infused paper | Tanaka Nao 21900100 |
Indigofera tinctoria/Polygonum tinctorium | Ai | Indigo (Indian/Japanese) | Prepared powder | Kremer 36000/36004 |
Ferrocyanide salt | Bero-ai | Prussian blue | Prepared powder | Kremer 45202 |
Red | ||||
Carthamus tinctorius L. | Beni | Safflower | Flowers | Tanaka Nao 13520620 |
Caesalpinia sappan L. | Suo | Sappanwood | Heartwood | Tanaka Nao 13521120 |
Rubia tinctorum L./Rubia cordifolia L. | Akane | Madder (Western/Indian) | Roots | Kremer 37201/Tanaka Nao 13520320 |
Dactylopius coccus Costa/ | コチニール | Cochineal | Dried lice | Kremer 36040 |
Kermes vermilio Planch. | ケルメス | Kermes | Dried lice | Kremer 36045 |
Laccifer lacca Kerr | ラック | Lac | Prepared powder | Kremer 36020 |
Hematite | Bengara | Red ochre | Prepared powder | Sinopia PCP400 |
Mercuric sulfide | Shu | Vermilion | Prepared powder | Kremer 42000 |
Lead tetroxide | Tan | Red lead | Prepared powder | Kremer 42500 |
Yellow | ||||
Miscanthus tinctorius/senensis | Kariyasu | Rice plant | Grass | Tanaka Nao 13500320 |
Sophora japonica/Styphnolobium japonicum | Enju | Pagoda tree | Flower buds | Tanaka Nao 13500220 |
Myrica rubia | Yamamomo | Mountain peach | Bark | Tanaka Nao 13502020 |
Malus sieboldii | Zumi | Toringo crabapple | Bark | Arnold Arboretum |
Phellodendron amurense | Kihada | Amur cork tree | Inner bark | Tanaka Nao 13500420 |
Gardenia augusta/jasminoides | Kuchinashi | Gardenia | Dried fruit | Tanaka Nao 13500520 |
Garcinia morella | Tō-ō | Gamboge | Prepared powder | Kremer 37050 |
Curcuma xanthorrhiza | Ukon | Turmeric | Prepared powder | Kremer 37220 |
Goethite | Ōdo | Yellow ochre | Prepared powder | Kremer 40301 |
Arsenic sulfide | Sekiō | Orpiment | Prepared powder | Kremer 10700 |