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Table 1 List of all the products and combinations of these that were tested

From: Novel nanomaterials to stabilise the canvas support of paintings assessed from a conservator’s point of view

Number

Short name of the products

Contents

Main role

Solvent

CUT products

 1

CUT I (+)

Silica* (SiO2) + polyethylenimine (PEI) at 2% in water (dry material proportions: SiO2 91.7% wt, PEI 8.3% wt)

Consolidant

Water

 2

CUT II (−)

Silica* (SiO2) + polyethylenimine (PEI) + carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) at 2% in water (dry material proportions: SiO2 91.7% wt, PEI 0.2% wt, CMC 8.3% wt)

Consolidant

Water

 3

CUT CNF

Cellulose nanofibrils* (CNF) (1% wt)

Consolidant

Water

CSGI products

 4

CSGI I (+)

Calcium carbonate* (CaCO3) (2% wt) + polyethylenimine (PEI) (0.05% wt)

Deacidifying and consolidant

Water/ethanol

 5

CSGI II (−)

Calcium carbonate* (CaCO3) (2% wt) + polyethylenimine (PEI) (0.05% wt) + carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (0.4% wt)

Deacidifying and consolidant

Water/ethanol

 6

CSGI nanoP

Calcium carbonate* (CaCO3) (2% wt)

Deacidifying

Ethanol

Combination of CUT and CSGI products

 7

CUT I (+) and CSGI I (+)

CUT I (+) mixed with CSGI I (+) 1-step process (2 products)

Deacidifying and consolidant

Water/ethanol

 8

CUT II (−) and CSGI II (−)

CUT II (−) mixed with CSGI II (−) 1-step process (2 products)

Deacidifying and consolidant

Water/ethanol

 9

CUT I (+) and CSGI I (+) + CNF

CUT I (+) mixed with CSGI I (+) Once dry, CNF on top 2-step process (3 products)

Deacidifying and consolidant

Water/ethanol

 10

CUT II (−) and CSGI II (−) + CNF

CUT II (−) mixed with CSGI II (−) Once dry, CNF on top 2-step process (3 products)

Deacidifying and consolidant

Water/ethanol

ZFB products

 11

ZFB 1a

Calcium carbonate* (CaCO3) (3 wt%)

Deacidifying

Water

 12

ZFB 1b

Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) (1.86 wt%) + cellulose nanocrystals* (CNC) (0.088 wt%)

Consolidant

Water

 13

ZFB 1c

Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) (1.86 wt%) + cellulose nanocrystals* (CNC) (0.088 wt%) + calcium carbonate* (CaCO3) (3 wt%)

Deacidifying and consolidant

Water

 14

ZFB 2a

Magnesium oxide* (MgO) (1 wt%)

Deacidifying

Heptane

 15

ZFB 2b

Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) (1.86 wt%) + cellulose nanocrystals* (CNC) (0.088 wt%)

Consolidant

Heptane

 16

ZFB 2c

Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) (1.86 wt%) + cellulose nanocrystals* (CNC) (0.088 wt%) + magnesium oxide* (1 wt%)

Deacidifying and consolidant

Heptane

Benchmark consolidants and deacidifying products

 17

Beva® 371

Beva® 371 (6% wt)

Consolidant

Cyclohexane

 18

Paraloid B72

Paraloid B72 (5% wt)

Consolidant

Acetone

 19

Animal glue

Animal glue (5% wt)

Consolidant

Water

 20

Nanorestore Paper®

Nanorestore Paper® Ethanol 3*

Deacidifying

Ethanol

  1. The asterisks indicate nano-sized particles