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Table 4 Results of the EDS analysis of stone samples including the stone section and degraded surface of stone

From: The deterioration process of limestone in the Anahita Temple of Kangavar (West Iran)

Sample

Analysis

O

Ca

Si

Mg

Al

Fe

K

Na

S

Cl

P

Zn

K2

A

49.42

36.49

1.37

1.67

1.28

0.06

0.33

1.56

4.12

0.71

–

–

K1

B

52.69

5.76

20.39

5.19

10.35

1.85

–

–

3.77

–

–

–

C

49.05

16.69

21.88

4.28

–

1.41

1.46

1.49

3.13

0.61

–

–

K6

D

40.51

33.50

4.08

3.65

5.06

0.27

1.27

2.65

–

1.05

2.29

–

E

38.56

22.32

14.06

3.17

11.21

0.06

2.80

2.63

–

0.98

1.81

–

K10

F

44.56

36.89

3.75

2

2.80

0.21

1.01

2.78

–

1.52

1.74

–

G

29.95

57.23

0.92

0.27

0.21

0.10

0.42

–

–

0.41

0.53

0.09

H

26.38

72.80

–

–

–

0.42

–

–

–

–

–

0.40

  1. Matrix of sample K2 (analysis A) represents the calcite-based texture along with other minerals such as probable clay with sulphur and phosphorus. EDS analysis of a phase in stone matrix in sample K1 (analysis B) shows evidence of clay minerals with less content of calcium and sulphur. In matrix of sample K1 (analysis C), calcium and the elements of clay minerals are detected. Analysis of the phase observed in sample K6 (analysis D) as well as matrix analyses of samples K6 and K10 (Analyses E and F respectively) show the calcite texture of the stone with silica, magnesium, iron, aluminium, potassium and sodium, as well as evidences of sulphur, phosphorus and chlorine. Analysis G in sample K10 represents calcite phase with about 10% sulphur. Other elements, such as silicon, are measured less than 1% in this analysis. Also analysis H in sample K10 represents a calcite-rich phase in the structure. The SE and BSE micrographs are presented in Fig. 9