Fig. 5

Cross-sections of paint samples. Sample S6, taken from the background, above Madame Lavoisier’s head, photographed with visible (A) and UV illumination (B), original magnification  × 400; and SEM-BSE image, × 400 (C). The ground layer is missing in this sample. Sample S4, taken from Lavoisier’s coat, photographed with visible (D) and UV illumination (E), original magnification × 400; and SEM-BSE image, × 330 (F). In this sample, layer #1 is the ground, layers #2 and #3 are Lavoisier’s brown coat and layer #4 corresponds to the black coat. Sample S5, taken from the black shawl on the chair at left, photographed with visible (G) and UV illumination (H), original magnification × 400; and SEM-BSE image, × 400 (I). The locations where these samples were taken are indicated in Additional file 1: Figure S5