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Table 1 Values of the storage \(E'\) and loss \(E''\) moduli (in MPa) measured by indentation at the first frequency of the of the dynamic analysis \(f_1\) = 1 Hz and at the penetration depth of 2 \(\upmu\)m; the average values are obtained from 3 to 7 measurements randomly performed on the paint layer, and the standard deviation is specified under brackets

From: Evolution of the viscoelastic properties of painting stratigraphies: a moisture weathering and nanoindentation approach

 

\(E'\)

\(E''\)

Grey ground

  

 Cycle

  

  0

34 (7.4)

9.4 (3.4)

  1

11 (1.9)

3.6 (0.50)

  4

7.5 (1.4)

2.4 (0.19)

  6

6.3 (0.62)

2.2 (0.32)

  7

7.5 (0.49)

2.3 (0.84)

  8

8.0 (1.0)

2.1 (0.17)

Ultramarine

  

 Cycle

  

  0

4.4 (0.95)

1.3 (0.2)

  1

2.2 (0.63)

0.61 (0.09)

  4

2.9 (0.13)

0.83 (0.11)

  6

4.0 (0.06)

1.2 (0.11)

  7

4.1 (0.57)

1.4 (0.10)

  8

8.0 (0.67)

2.6 (0.15)

Madder on surface

  

 Cycle

  

  0

3.1 (1.3)

0.7 (0.20)

  1

6.4 (3.5)

1.6 (0.73)

  4

7.2 (0.72)

1.5 (0.51)

  6

6.0 (3.4)

2.0 (1.4)

  7

5.8 (4.6)

2.8 (1.7)

  8

5.8 (2.7)

2.4 (1.4)

Madder covered

  

 Cycle

  

  0

3.1 (1.3)

0.65 (0.2)

  1

5.2 (3.8)

1.6 (0.21)

  4

7.2 (0.72)

1.5 (0.81)

  6

6.0 (3.4)

2.0 (0.51)

  7

5.8 (4.6)

2.8 (1.4)

  8

5.8 (2.7)

2.4 (1.4)