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Table 5 A summary of representative main pigments used in Korean Buddhist paintings from the eighteenth to nineteenth centuries analyzed in previous studies on historical wall paintings

From: Analysis of pigments and damages for the 19th century White-robed Water-moon Avalokitesvara Painting in Gongju Magoksa Temple, Republic of Korea

Color

Pigment

Formula

References

Blue

Azurite

Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2

[5, 10]

Smalt

SiO2∙K2O∙CoO(Co,Ni)As3

Green

Celadonite

K(Mg,Fe)(Fe,Al)Si4O10(OH)2

[24, 31]

Emerald green

Cu(C2H3O2)∙Cu(AsO2)2

Yellow

Massicot

PbO

[10]

Orpiment

As2S3

Red

Cinnabar

HgS

[20, 26]

Hematite

Fe2O3

Minimum

Pb3O4

Black

Chinese ink

C

[9, 19]

Black Oxide

unknown

White

Kaolinite

Al2SiO5(OH)4

[30, 32]

Oyster Shell white

CaCO3

Lead White

2PbCO3∙Pb(SO4)2