Fig. 6

Estimated marginal mean (± SE) for erosion and moisture metrics by high intensity rainfall treatments. Lowercase letters across treatments within a metric (A–C) indicate statistically different groups based on post-hoc pairwise comparisons, Dunnett t3 method (p ≤ 0.05) for material loss, affected surface area and cavity depth; Tukey method (p ≤ 0.05) for net change of volumetric water content