Precipitation impacts on earthen architecture for better implementation of cultural resource management in the US Southwest

Heritage Science

Table 6 Wall treatments, erosion metrics, and moisture metrics for the high-intensity rainfall simulations

Wall	Treatment	Rain intensity (cm h⁻¹)	Erosion metrics				Moisture metrics
Wall	Treatment	Rain intensity (cm h⁻¹)	Material loss (%)^a	Volume loss (cm³)^a	Affected surface area (cm²)^a	Cavity depth (cm)^a	ΔθVWC (cm³ cm⁻³)	ΔθVWC initial (cm³ cm⁻³)	ΔθVWC maximum (cm³ cm⁻³)	Drying time (d)
B	Control	0	− 0.08	− 217	1	0.54	0.003	0.108	0.112	0.2
D	Control	0	− 0.24	− 635	13	0.50	0.013	0.073	0.085	4.3
J	Control	0	0.09	246	13	0.93	ND	ND	ND	ND
L	Control	0	0.03	95	18	0.59	0.010	0.089	0.099	0.4
R	Control	0	0.04	128	29	0.80	0.002	0.092	0.094	0.9
C	1-year	3.6	0.43	1271	1482	6.78	0.006	0.130	0.136	2.2
M	1-Year	3.6	0.37	1131	1290	3.75	0.016	0.074	0.090	9.4
P^a	1-YEAR	3.6	3.03	8985	4723	6.44	0.019	0.083	0.102	9.3
S	1-year	3.6	0.41	1264	1718	5.26	0.046	0.075	0.121	14.5
T	1-year	3.6	0.83	2299	1992	6.23	ND	0.094	ND	ND
A	25-year	8.5	2.98	8197	6349	9.00	0.019	0.113	0.132	8.5
F	25-year	8.5	2.82	7360	5957	8.59	0.015	0.098	0.114	ND
G	25-year	8.5	3.67	9921	7178	7.13	0.015	0.099	0.113	17.6
H	25-year	8.5	4.52	12,122	7632	8.20	0.017	0.099	0.116	4.2
K	25-year	8.5	2.70	7641	6904	8.32	0.051	0.078	0.128	31.4
E	100-year	10.6	5.40	13,013	7684	9.66	0.025	0.075	0.100	18.2
I	100-year	10.6	4.97	13,346	8594	9.60	ND	ND	ND	ND
N	100-year	10.6	4.28	11,347	9375	8.81	0.027	0.082	0.109	9.4
O	100-year	10.6	6.71	15,590	9222	9.53	0.022	0.104	0.126	7.5
Q	100-year	10.6	6.86	18,769	9063	8.55	0.034	0.096	0.130	12.4