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Table 3 SEM–EDX elemental analysis of black underdrawing particles

From: Charcoal or black stone? Reconstructions as a tool to study the behaviour of dry underdrawing materials within the paint structure of sixteenth century panel paintings

Altarpiece

Elements identified in the underdrawing particles

S. Francisco

C, Ca, S, Pb (K, Na, Mg, Si, Al)

Machede

C, Ca, S, Pb (K, Fe, Si, Al)

Sousel

C, Ca, S, Pb (Na, Mg, Si, Al)

  1. Elements with a concentration below 0.9 wt.% are presented in parentheses