Fig. 2From: Neural network-based classification of X-ray fluorescence spectra of artists’ pigments: an approach leveraging a synthetic dataset created using the fundamental parameters methodA comparison of XRF spectra of lead-tin yellow. The spectrum shown in blue was recorded using the Bruker instrument in the National Gallery, while the one in red is a synthetic spectrum created for the same pigment using the FP method. The relative fluorescence intensities are plotted on a square-root scale with characteristic X-ray lines labelled for each relevant element in black and systematic features not included in the FP model labelled in greyBack to article page