Table 3 The parameter values of the model with relatively optimal fitting results

D_Thres

The threshold to distinguish the outlying expansion and the edge expansion

120 m

600 m

R

The radius of an economic unit

60 m

300 m

A_Ex

The area threshold within an economic unit

4750 m²

12,800 m²

T_Inter

The occurrence period of outlying expansion

30 years

60 years

P(P_pro|P_ana)

The occurrence probabilities of outlying site selection (early | late)

5%|10%

63%|32%