Chemical characterisation of archaeological glasses from the Hellenistic site of Jebel Khalid, Syria by electron probe microanalysis

Reade, Wendy J.; Privat, Karen L.

doi:10.1186/s40494-016-0084-3

Heritage Science

Table 1 Form, type series, colour and analytical data for Jebel Khalid glass included in this study

From: Chemical characterisation of archaeological glasses from the Hellenistic site of Jebel Khalid, Syria by electron probe microanalysis

Sample	Form	Type series	Colour	Na₂O	SiO₂	MnO	TiO₂	MgO	K₂O	FeO	CaO	Al₂O₃	P₂O₅	CoO	Sb₂O₃	CuO	Total
JK01	Mosaic cane bowl	31	op yl, yl-gr, em gr, gr*	16.86	65.69	0.80	0.06	0.61	0.92	0.61	8.56	2.23	0.11	0.00	0.04	1.40	97.90
JK01	Mosaic cane bowl	31	op yl, yl-gr, em gr, gr*	0.14	0.19	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.02
JK02	Fluted sagged bowl	10	dk amb	18.22	67.53	0.02	0.06	0.58	0.84	0.36	8.40	2.35	0.12	0.00	0.08	0.01	98.56
JK02	Fluted sagged bowl	10	dk amb	0.06	0.23	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.04	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK03	Sagged bowl	24	amb	18.52	69.40	0.61	0.04	0.40	0.69	0.28	6.29	2.18	0.05	0.00	0.06	0.00	98.52
JK03	Sagged bowl	24	amb	0.15	0.50	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.01
JK04	Mosaic cane bowl	22	bl, yl, dk bl*	16.58	64.82	1.27	0.06	0.61	0.83	0.56	8.19	2.16	0.12	0.00	0.06	1.96	97.23
JK04	Mosaic cane bowl	22	bl, yl, dk bl*	0.13	0.11	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.05
JK05	Shallow sagged bowl	18	lt gr	19.27	66.88	0.08	0.05	0.53	0.59	0.35	8.16	2.04	0.08	0.00	0.06	0.01	98.11
JK05	Shallow sagged bowl	18	lt gr	0.05	0.20	0.00	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.06	0.03	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00
JK06	Hemispherical	5	lt bl/aqua	18.14	66.29	0.18	0.06	0.59	0.81	0.44	8.92	2.42	0.11	0.00	0.07	0.01	98.02
JK06	Sagged bowl	5	lt bl/aqua	0.03	0.25	0.04	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.05	0.03	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01
JK07	Sagged bowl	29	lt olive gr	15.96	68.39	0.90	0.06	0.76	0.92	0.37	8.79	2.16	0.14	0.00	0.07	0.00	98.54
JK07	Sagged bowl	29	lt olive gr	0.08	0.20	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.04	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01
JK08	Petal-decorated bowl	2	v lt gr	17.78	68.22	0.83	0.05	0.61	0.91	0.37	7.58	2.40	0.10	0.00	0.08	0.00	98.94
JK08	Petal-decorated bowl	2	v lt gr	0.12	0.21	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.08	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK09	Deep hemispherical	3	amb	19.32	66.37	0.10	0.05	0.63	0.53	0.35	9.80	2.05	0.07	0.00	0.05	0.00	99.34
JK09	Sagged bowl	3	amb	0.10	0.32	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.00	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK10	Sagged bowl	–	col	16.92	67.68	1.13	0.06	0.59	0.66	0.45	9.01	2.33	0.10	0.00	0.05	0.00	98.99
JK10	Sagged bowl	–	col	0.09	0.19	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.06	0.00	0.06	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK11	Cast footed bowl	23	v lt gr	18.59	67.58	0.15	0.05	0.55	0.49	0.36	9.10	2.23	0.09	0.00	0.05	0.00	99.24
JK11	Cast footed bowl	23	v lt gr	0.02	0.43	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK12	Fluted sagged bowl	10	amb	18.52	68.05	0.02	0.06	0.59	0.84	0.37	8.42	2.37	0.14	0.00	0.07	0.00	99.43
JK12	Fluted sagged bowl	10	amb	0.11	0.13	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.02	0.00	0.02	0.00	0.02	0.00	0.00	0.00
JK13	Sagged bowl	–	col	16.25	68.73	1.32	0.05	0.57	0.59	0.40	8.02	2.36	0.08	0.00	0.11	0.00	98.47
JK13	Sagged bowl	–	col	0.11	0.07	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK14	Sagged bowl	–	amb	17.17	69.50	0.50	0.06	0.69	0.64	0.39	8.08	2.35	0.09	0.00	0.05	0.01	99.54
JK14	Sagged bowl	–	amb	0.11	0.43	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK15	Sagged bowl	–	gr col	17.55	67.19	1.96	0.06	0.64	0.62	0.42	7.95	2.17	0.07	0.00	0.05	0.01	98.68
JK15	Sagged bowl	–	gr col	0.08	0.12	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.01	0.08	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01
JK16	Sagged bowl	–	amb	16.62	69.12	0.02	0.05	0.60	0.93	0.32	8.85	2.17	0.09	0.00	0.07	0.00	98.83
JK16	Sagged bowl	–	amb	0.10	0.17	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.04	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK18	Sagged bowl	–	amb	18.98	68.93	0.59	0.04	0.41	0.67	0.27	6.14	2.19	0.05	0.00	0.06	0.00	98.33
JK18	Sagged bowl	–	amb	0.09	0.30	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.06	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.00
JK19	Conical sagged bowl	13	col	18.29	66.26	1.23	0.05	0.60	0.69	0.49	8.19	2.35	0.10	0.00	0.06	0.00	98.29
JK19	Conical sagged bowl	13	col	0.10	0.40	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.09	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK20	Sagged bowl	–	v lt gr	17.13	70.49	0.11	0.06	1.35	1.37	0.57	4.38	1.04	0.45	0.00	0.10	0.00	97.06
JK20	Sagged bowl	–	v lt gr	0.11	0.39	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.09	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK21	Footed bowl base	68	lime gr	18.16	64.89	0.33	0.06	0.90	0.65	0.36	10.05	2.07	0.19	0.00	0.05	0.00	97.71
JK21	Footed bowl base	68	lime gr	0.10	0.26	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.05	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK22	Sagged bowl	–	lime gr	18.92	66.61	0.09	0.05	0.58	0.76	0.38	8.10	2.47	0.12	0.00	0.06	0.00	98.15
JK22	Sagged bowl	–	lime gr	0.10	0.68	0.00	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00
JK23	Sagged bowl	–	p	18.07	66.05	1.81	0.04	0.59	0.57	0.34	8.50	2.17	0.08	0.01	0.06	0.01	98.28
JK23	Sagged bowl	–	p	0.11	0.23	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.03	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.00
JK24a	Conical sagged bowl	7	amb	15.89	69.31	0.24	0.07	0.53	0.56	0.38	8.62	2.48	0.09	0.01	0.06	0.01	98.25
JK24a	Conical sagged bowl	7	amb	1.12	0.32	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.06	0.06	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.00
JK24b	Conical sagged bowl	7	gr	15.77	70.38	0.42	0.06	0.51	0.55	0.38	7.72	2.58	0.08	0.00	0.07	0.00	98.51
JK24b	Conical sagged bowl	7	gr	0.11	0.18	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK25	Sagged bowl	–	amb	15.69	69.00	0.22	0.05	0.65	0.60	0.32	10.11	2.07	0.08	0.00	0.05	0.01	98.86
JK25	Sagged bowl	–	amb	0.13	0.23	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.00	0.08	0.03	0.03	0.00	0.02	0.02
JK26	Core-formed alabastron	26	op yl, op wh,	15.89	70.94	0.03	0.05	0.50	0.66	0.57	7.78	2.22	0.08	0.08	0.07	0.12	98.99
JK26	Core-formed alabastron	26	dk bl*	0.09	0.46	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.08	0.04	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01
JK28	Deep sagged bowl	3	lt amb	15.90	74.25	0.01	0.04	0.25	0.48	0.23	5.60	1.87	0.08	0.00	0.03	0.00	98.75
JK28	Deep sagged bowl	3	lt amb	0.08	0.33	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.00	0.02	0.00
JK29	Carinated sagged bowl	35	str gr	17.88	67.04	0.25	0.06	0.65	0.74	0.42	8.56	2.42	0.10	0.00	0.07	0.00	98.18
JK29	Carinated sagged bowl	35	str gr	0.14	0.13	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.03	0.00	0.01	0.01
JK30	Shallow sagged bowl	42	amb	16.04	73.93	0.01	0.04	0.24	0.58	0.23	5.61	1.87	0.08	0.00	0.04	0.00	98.65
JK30	Shallow sagged bowl	42	amb	0.21	0.15	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.04	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK31	Sagged bowl	–	amb	17.01	70.75	0.02	0.05	0.42	0.80	0.28	6.92	2.28	0.09	0.00	0.06	0.00	98.67
JK31	Sagged bowl	–	amb	0.13	0.20	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK32	Deep sagged bowl	3	col	17.12	67.22	1.57	0.06	0.65	0.66	0.47	8.57	2.33	0.10	0.00	0.08	0.00	98.84
JK32	Deep sagged bowl	3	col	0.05	0.22	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK33	Hemispherical	4	v lt gr	17.07	68.31	0.84	0.04	0.48	0.53	0.54	8.67	2.16	0.07	0.00	0.05	0.00	98.75
JK33	Sagged bowl	4	v lt gr	0.09	0.14	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.08	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK34	Sagged bowl	–	v lt bl/bl*	16.53	69.20	0.72	0.06	0.59	0.83	0.38	8.11	2.32	0.09	0.00	0.08	0.01	98.90
JK34	Sagged bowl	–	v lt bl/bl*	0.09	0.23	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.00	0.04	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK35	Cast footed bowl	23	gr col	17.78	68.22	0.67	0.04	0.43	0.95	0.28	7.54	2.22	0.07	0.00	0.22	0.00	98.43
JK35	Cast footed bowl	23	gr col	0.09	0.33	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK36	Deep sagged bowl	3	v lt gr	17.17	68.17	0.84	0.05	0.48	0.52	0.53	8.63	2.15	0.07	0.00	0.06	0.00	98.69
JK36	Deep sagged bowl	3	v lt gr	0.06	0.49	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.04	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00
JK37	Deep sagged bowl	3	v lt gr	16.88	64.47	1.60	0.07	0.76	1.00	1.15	9.30	2.43	0.15	0.00	0.08	0.01	97.90
JK37	Deep sagged bowl	3	v lt gr	0.30	0.13	0.02	0.00	0.03	0.01	0.01	0.10	0.03	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK38a	Sagged bowl	–	amb	15.34	68.56	0.21	0.05	0.57	0.78	0.32	9.67	2.19	0.10	0.00	0.06	0.00	97.85
JK38a	Sagged bowl	–	amb	0.10	0.15	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
JK38b	Sagged bowl	–	amb	17.15	71.39	0.02	0.05	0.37	0.58	0.25	6.45	1.73	0.08	0.00	0.05	0.00	98.12
JK38b	Sagged bowl	–	amb	0.12	0.30	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.06	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00
JK39	Fluted sagged bowl	10	amb	18.05	66.88	0.02	0.06	0.59	0.87	0.36	8.42	2.34	0.12	0.00	0.07	0.00	97.79
JK39	Fluted sagged bowl	10	amb	0.04	0.08	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.02	0.00
JK40	Deep sagged bowl	3	lt bl/aqua	17.55	67.05	0.20	0.06	0.54	0.63	0.44	9.09	2.37	0.09	0.00	0.06	0.00	98.08
JK40	Deep sagged bowl	3	lt bl/aqua	0.04	0.27	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK41	Conical sagged bowl	7	str gr	18.65	65.83	0.37	0.04	0.58	0.71	0.37	9.10	2.20	0.09	0.00	0.07	0.00	98.02
JK41	Conical sagged bowl	7	str gr	0.10	0.10	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK42	Conical sagged bowl	7	amb	17.92	69.73	0.03	0.06	0.38	0.58	0.34	6.80	1.92	0.12	0.00	0.04	0.01	97.94
JK42	Conical sagged bowl	7	amb	0.08	0.29	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.04	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK43	Hemispherical	6	col	17.93	64.84	1.77	0.06	0.74	0.83	0.52	9.62	2.10	0.14	0.00	0.07	0.01	98.62
JK43	Sagged bowl	6	col	0.07	0.25	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.00	0.05	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.00
JK44	Shallow sagged bowl	18	amb	16.23	69.18	0.02	0.05	0.60	0.97	0.31	9.03	2.22	0.09	0.00	0.07	0.01	98.77
JK44	Shallow sagged bowl	18	amb	0.14	0.13	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.10	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.03	0.00
JK45	Sagged bowl	–	amb	18.65	65.81	0.02	0.05	0.63	0.53	0.35	9.89	2.19	0.10	0.00	0.05	0.00	98.28
JK45	Sagged bowl	–	amb	0.01	0.53	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.09	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK46	Sagged bowl	–	gr col	16.34	68.76	1.37	0.10	0.63	0.57	0.54	7.41	2.54	0.09	0.01	0.05	0.00	98.41
JK46	Sagged bowl	–	gr col	0.12	0.38	0.11	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.13	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK47	Shallow sagged bowl	42	col	17.60	68.49	1.33	0.07	0.58	0.74	0.49	6.67	2.37	0.09	0.00	0.07	0.00	98.51
JK47	Shallow sagged bowl	42	col	0.11	0.15	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.04	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.00
JK48	Shallow sagged bowl	42	amb	17.02	67.17	0.03	0.06	0.72	0.72	0.36	10.21	2.19	0.09	0.00	0.06	0.00	98.63
JK48	Shallow sagged bowl	42	amb	0.04	0.10	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.04	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.01
JK49	Deep sagged bowl	3	gr col	17.62	68.45	1.33	0.06	0.58	0.75	0.49	6.69	2.37	0.10	0.00	0.06	0.00	98.50
JK49	Deep sagged bowl	3	gr col	0.09	0.28	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK50	Sagged bowl	–	lt amb	17.13	70.92	0.02	0.05	0.44	0.85	0.27	7.02	2.30	0.09	0.00	0.07	0.01	99.17
JK50	Sagged bowl	–	lt amb	0.09	0.13	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.04	0.02	0.02	0.00	0.02	0.00
JK51	Sagged bowl	–	col	15.75	69.79	1.28	0.06	0.71	1.17	0.34	7.59	2.17	0.10	0.00	0.09	0.00	99.05
JK51	Sagged bowl	–	col	0.03	0.28	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK52	Sagged bowl	29	col	17.02	71.20	1.46	0.08	1.10	1.10	0.71	4.34	1.22	0.24	0.00	0.13	0.00	98.60
JK52	Sagged bowl	29	col	0.10	0.25	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK53	Deep sagged bowl	3	bl col	17.85	66.61	0.43	0.05	0.65	0.58	0.37	9.92	2.07	0.12	0.00	0.07	0.00	98.71
JK53	Deep sagged bowl	3	bl col	0.16	0.13	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK54	Sagged bowl	29	amb gr	16.81	68.88	0.47	0.04	0.57	0.63	0.32	8.94	2.18	0.07	0.00	0.05	0.00	98.97
JK54	Sagged bowl	29	amb gr	0.02	0.28	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK55	Sagged bowl	–	lt gr	17.83	66.77	0.43	0.05	0.66	0.71	0.37	10.06	2.06	0.12	0.00	0.06	0.00	99.11
JK55	Sagged bowl	–	lt gr	0.02	0.06	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.06	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00
JK56	Sagged bowl	–	gr col	18.57	66.10	0.36	0.05	0.62	0.78	0.39	9.29	2.23	0.11	0.00	0.06	0.00	98.56
JK56	Sagged bowl	–	gr col	0.07	0.03	0.06	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.12	0.03	0.03	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK57	Sagged bowl	–	lt gr	18.26	67.82	0.08	0.06	0.57	0.69	0.43	8.73	2.47	0.11	0.00	0.06	0.00	99.27
JK57	Sagged bowl	–	lt gr	0.08	0.22	0.00	0.01	0.02	0.00	0.00	0.04	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK58	Sagged bowl	–	gr	17.62	69.81	0.43	0.05	0.47	0.85	0.27	7.04	2.21	0.10	0.00	0.07	0.00	98.92
JK58	Sagged bowl	–	gr	0.01	0.27	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.02	0.00	0.05	0.05	0.02	0.00	0.01	0.00
JK60	Sagged bowl	–	lt bl/aqua	16.51	69.05	0.02	0.06	0.63	0.95	0.39	9.07	2.18	0.15	0.00	0.08	0.01	99.10
JK60	Sagged bowl	–	lt bl/aqua	0.09	0.22	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.20	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01

Compositional data are presented for each sample as average oxide weight percent data for replicate analyses (first row), and one standard deviation for the replicate analyses
TS = Type series. TS is referred to as Glass Number (GN) where published by O’Hea. Samples without TS number were not diagnostic, and could not be assigned to a type. They are identified as generic sagged bowls. Samples analysed were either taken from the published fragment or from fragments of the same type. These types are published in [40], with the exception of TS68 ([43: p. 160]) and TS42 (unpublished, details courtesy of M. O’Hea, pers. comm.)
JK38a and JK38b are two separate vessels
bl blue, gr green, em emerald, amb amber, col colourless, yl yellow, op opaque, dk dark, lt light, v very, str strong
* indicates the colour of glass analysed in multicolour glasses

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