Novel characterization techniques for cultural heritage using a TEM orientation imaging in combination with 3D precession diffraction tomography: a case study of green and white ancient Roman glass tesserae

Heritage Science

Table 4 EPMA microanalysis data performed on several areas of the white tesserae sample

White	Diameter	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	CaO	SnO₂	K₂O	Na₂O	MgO	TiO₂	MnO	FeO	CoO	CuO	SO₃	PbO	Cl	Sb₂O₅	Total
1	> 1 μm	56.14	1.73	5.35	0.06	0.33	5.50	0.41	0.07	0.56	1.59	0.00	0.03	0.19	17.25	0.93	1.00	91.14
2	> 1 μm	54.08	4.24	6.45	0.12	0.52	7.97	0.66	0.07	0.28	1.70	0.00	0.00	0.27	0.00	0.38	17.20	93.94
3	> 1 μm	22.09	4.37	8.52	0.24	0.51	4.92	0.28	0.00	0.08	1.94	0.01	0.00	0.31	0.04	0.18	48.44	91.92
4	< 1 μm	70.16	2.64	7.33	0.00	0.43	9.68	0.76	0.10	0.70	0.55	0.01	0.01	0.34	0.10	0.86	2.99	96.65
5	< 1 μm	66.73	2.59	7.57	0.03	0.44	9.71	0.72	0.05	0.65	0.58	0.00	0.00	0.35	0.00	0.85	3.62	93.89
6	Glass	69.94	2.66	7.24	0.05	0.41	10.20	0.73	0.08	0.65	0.58	0.00	0.01	0.30	0.01	0.88	2.46	96.19
7	Glass	70.73	2.63	7.30	0.05	0.43	10.23	0.75	0.08	0.64	0.57	0.00	0.02	0.35	0.08	0.86	2.56	97.28
8	Glass	70.02	2.68	7.40	0.00	0.44	9.99	0.75	0.06	0.64	0.58	0.01	0.01	0.29	0.06	0.86	2.40	96.20
9	Glass	70.77	2.70	7.48	0.00	0.44	10.27	0.72	0.07	0.65	0.58	0.01	0.01	0.31	0.03	0.86	3.06	97.95
10	Glass	70.53	2.65	7.38	0.04	0.44	10.17	0.75	0.06	0.63	0.57	0.01	0.00	0.30	0.00	0.85	2.68	97.07
Average pigment comp.		53.84	3.11	7.04	0.09	0.45	7.56	0.57	0.06	0.45	1.27	0.01	0.01	0.29	3.48	0.64	14.65	93.51
Average glaze comp.		70.40	2.66	7.36	0.03	0.43	10.17	0.74	0.07	0.64	0.57	0.01	0.01	0.31	0.04	0.86	2.63	96.94

Elemental composition obtained by means of EPMA in wt% on white tesserae. Typical analyzed areas are shown in Additional file 1: Fig. S5