Fig. 3From: Seeing red: towards an improved protocol for the identification of madder- and cochineal-based pigments by fiber optics reflectance spectroscopy (FORS)Reflectance spectra (a) and first derivative transformation (b) of the cochineal pigment DYE15046 applied in different paint thicknesses (bound in gum Arabic). Note that the characteristic inflections points (positions marked by dashed lines) are still visible for a sample of intermediate thickness (red traces), although its reflectance spectrum appears featurelessBack to article page