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Table 1 Characteristics of the samples and an example of an area treatment with chemical cleaning

From: Weathering mechanism of red discolorations on Limestone object: a case study from Lingyan Temple, Jinan, Shandong Province, China

Sample

LY1

LY2

LY3

LY4

Analysis

XRF, XRD, FTIR, Raman

XRF, OM, SEM–EDS

XRD

Chemical cleaning

Description

At the east of Thousand Buddha Hall, the second monument

At the east of Thousand Buddha Hall, the second monument

At the east of Thousand Buddha Hall, the second monument

Basement of Pizhi Pagoda, the six relief

Sampling sites