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Table 2 Copperware information and composition (SEM–EDS analyses, reported in wt%)

From: Early brass from the Foyemiaowan-Xindiantai cemetery, 265–439 ce: the origin and diffusion of brass in ancient China

Code

Sample name

Tomb number

Time

Cu

Sn

Pb

O

S

Cl

Fe

Others

DFX01

Hairpin

2015DFXIM13-21

 

87.8

9.4

3.2

0.2

0.6

nd

nd

Ag 0.3

DFX02

Hairpin

2015DFXIIIM2:13

 

89.2

6.4

3.7

0.4

0.2

nd

nd

nd

DFX03

Hairpin

2015DFXIIIM20:20

265–439 CE

86.8

6.6

5.1

0.7

0.8

nd

nd

nd

DFX04

Decoration

2015DFXIIIM25:6

265–439 CE

87.7

7.9

2.4

1.2

0.9

nd

nd

nd

DFX06

Decoration

2015DFXIIIM27:43

265–439 CE

90.8

5.7

3.1

0.1

0.3

nd

nd

nd

DFX10

Belt Hook

2015DFXIIIM32:2–1

618–907 CE

82.4

7.0

9.0

1.6

nd

nd

nd

nd

DFX12

Belt Hook

2015DFXIIIM32:2–3

618–907 CE

77.7

6.5

15.0

0.5

0.3

nd

nd

nd

DFX15

Decoration

2015DFXIIIM49:26

265–439 CE

88.9

4.5

5.1

1.1

0.4

nd

nd

nd

DFX17

Hairpin

2015DFXIIIM51:4

265–439 CE

86.1

9.9

2.9

0.9

0.2

nd

nd

nd

DFX19

Decoration

2015DFXVM1:1

 

74.9

5.7

17.1

nd

nd

nd

2.4

nd

DFX20

Decoration

2015DFXVM11:4

 

88.0

10.4

1.0

0.1

nd

nd

0.2

nd

DFX05

Figure

2015DFXIIIM27:10

265–439 CE

83.5

0.1

0.8

10.5

nd

5.2

nd

nd

DFX07

Decoration

2015DFXIIIM27:47

265–439 CE

nd

nd

93.1

6.9

nd

nd

nd

nd

DFX08

Knife

2015DFXIIIM28:27

265–439 CE

59.2

12.2

11.7

15.2

nd

1.8

nd

nd

DFX11

Belt Hook

2015DFXIIIM32:2–2

618–907 CE

8.3

nd

nd

35.5

nd

nd

53.2

Si 1, Ca 1.1

DFX14

Belt Hook

2015DFXIIIM41:50

265–439 CE

28.6

31.5

15.5

17.4

0.3

6.7

nd

nd

DFX18

Hairpin

2015DFXIIIM58:12

265–439 CE

nd

0.4

90.6

5.4

nd

nd

nd

Si 7.6

DFX29

Coin

2015DFXIIIM29

265–439 CE

87.7

6.0

5.7

0.6

nd

nd

nd

nd

DFX36

Coin

2015DFXVM18:19

 

94.4

2.0

nd

1.5

2.1

nd

nd

nd

DFX31

Coin

2015DFXIIIM40:22

265–439 CE

93.4

1.8

0.7

1.8

2.4

nd

nd

nd

DFX21

Coin

2015DFXIM13:18

 

71.1

4.8

nd

14.2

2.5

3.5

3.9

nd

DFX22

Coin

2015DFXIIIM1:24

265–439 CE

70.4

2.7

nd

3.1

nd

23.8

nd

nd

DFX23

Coin

2015DFXIIIM2:14

265–439 CE

38.7

1.6

43.0

9.1

nd

4.9

2.8

nd

DFX24

Coin

2015DFXIIIM14:13

265–439 CE

72.2

2.0

0.5

3.2

nd

22.1

nd

nd

DFX25

Coin

2015DFXIIIM26:30

265–439 CE

83.7

2.9

10.3

3.1

nd

nd

nd

nd

DFX26

Coin

2015DFXIIIM26:31

265–439 CE

62.1

5.0

26.2

5.3

nd

1.3

nd

nd

DFX27

Coin

2015DFXIIIM26:38

265–439 CE

72.3

3.3

21.1

3.4

nd

nd

nd

nd

DFX28

Coin

2015DFXIIIM29

265–439 CE

45.9

nd

nd

27.6

nd

9.3

nd

Al3.3 Si2.9 Ca1.0

DFX30

Coin

2015DFXIIIM40:17

265–439 CE

80.5

2.5

nd

12.9

1.2

3

nd

nd

DFX32

Coin

2015DFXIIIM49

265–439 CE

78.4

6.5

10.8

3.5

nd

0.8

nd

nd

DFX33

Coin

2015DFXIIIM54:18

265–439 CE

59.0

4.5

33.5

3.1

nd

nd

nd

nd

DFX34

Coin

2015DFXIIIM55:31

265–439 CE

54.7

13.3

19.7

8.9

nd

3.3

nd

nd

DFX35

Coin

2015DFXIIIM56:11

265–439 CE

69.7

15.0

nd

11.0

1.9

2.5

nd

nd

  1. The italic part is only for reference because the samples are severely corroded, as indicated by their high oxygen and chlorine contents. We use a threshold of 3 wt% oxygen or chlorine to define severe corrosion