Table 2 Location of the samples, materials, and analyses performed on each sample
From: Mapping of stones and their deterioration forms: the Clock Tower, Venice (Italy)
ID sample | Façade | Material | Sampling location | Analyses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1E | East | Stone | From the stone cladding slab on the north side of the eastern wall. At a height of about 1.00 m from the bottom of the balustrade | PLOM; XRPD; SEM–EDX; IC |
2E | Stone | From the crystalline-marble hexagonal cladding slab on the north side of the eastern wall. At a height of about 1.00 m from the bottom of the balustrade | PLOM | |
3E | Stone | At the beginning of the eastern terrace, from a pillar of the balustrade looking north, near the door. At a height of about 1.00 m from the bottom of the balustrade | PLOM; XRPD; SEM–EDX | |
5E | Stone | On the eastern terrace, from the capital of a small column of the balustrade looking south. At a height of about 0.70 m from the bottom of the balustrade | PLOM; XRPD; SEM–EDX; IC | |
6E | Stone + black deposit | From the crystalline-marble hexagonal cladding slab on the south side of the eastern wall. At a height of about 1.60 m from the bottom of the balustrade | OM (Bio); XRPD; µFTIR | |
7E | Powder | On the eastern terrace, from a small column of the balustrade looking south. At a height of about 0.50 m from the bottom of the balustrade | XRPD; IC | |
8E | Powder | On the eastern terrace, from a small column of the balustrade looking south. At a height of about 0.50 m from the bottom of the balustrade | XRPD | |
9E | Biological deposit | On the eastern terrace, from the top handrail of the balustrade looking south. At a height of about 1.00 m from the bottom of the balustrade | OM (Bio) | |
10E | Biological deposit | On the eastern terrace, from the top handrail of the balustrade looking south. At a height of about 1.00 m from the bottom of the balustrade | OM (Bio) | |
11E | Biological deposit | On the eastern terrace, from the top handrail of the balustrade looking south. At a height of about 1.00 m from the bottom of the balustrade | OM (Bio) | |
12E | Biological material | On the eastern terrace, from the pavement of the balustrade. From the floor | OM (Bio) | |
1N | North | Stone | On the terrace behind the Moors, from the second step under the statues. At a height of about 1.00 m above the terrace floor | OM (Bio); PLOM; XRPD; IC |
2N | Stone + green and black deposits | On the terrace behind the Moors, from the east side of the first step under the statues. At a height of about 1.20 m above the terrace floor | PLOM; XRPD; SEM–EDX; µFTIR; IC | |
3N | Stone | On the terrace behind the Moors, from a small column of the balustrade looking north. At a height of about 0.30 m above the terrace floor | PLOM; XRPD | |
4N | Stone + green deposits | On the terrace behind the Moors, from the west side of the first step under the statues. At a height of about 1.30 m above the terrace floor | PLOM; XRPD; SEM–EDX; IC | |
1S | South | Stone + yellow patina | On the ground floor, from the eastern column of the central archway of the colonnade facing St. Mark's Square. At a height of about 1.60 m above the square floor | PLOM; XRPD; µFTIR |
2S | Very thin black crust | On the ground floor, from the second pillar of the eastern wing of the colonnade facing St. Mark's Square. At a height of about 1.50 m above the square floor | XRPD; SEM–EDX; IC | |
3S | Organic patina | On the ground floor, from the third column of the eastern wing of the colonnade facing St. Mark's Square. At a height of about 1.00 m above the square floor, just above the column base | µFTIR | |
4S | Black crust | On the ground floor, from the Corinthian capital of the second semi-column of the eastern wing of the colonnade facing St. Mark's Square. At a height of about 3.70 m above the square floor | XRPD; SEM–EDX | |
5S | Black crust | On the ground floor, from the Corinthian capital of the fourth column of the western wing of the colonnade facing St. Mark's Square. At a height of about 3.70 m above the square floor | XRPD; SEM–EDX; IC | |
1W | West | Stone + black deposits | On the western terrace, from a stone shelf at the west end of the terrace. At a height of about 1.00 m above the balustrade floor | OM (Bio); PLOM; XRPD; SEM–EDX; IC |
2W | Biological deposit | On the western terrace, from the top handrail of the balustrade looking south. At a height of about 1.00 m above the balustrade floor | OM (Bio) | |
3W | Biological deposit | On the western terrace, from the top handrail of the balustrade looking north. At a height of about 1.00 m above the balustrade floor | OM (Bio) | |
4W | Yellowish organic patina (powder) | From the crystalline-marble hexagonal cladding slab on the north side of the western wall. At a height of about 1.30 m above the balustrade floor | XRPD; µFTIR | |
5W | Stone | On the western terrace, from a small column of the balustrade looking south. At a height of about 0.50 m above the balustrade floor | PLOM; XRPD; SEM–EDX; IC | |
6W | Black crust | On the western terrace, from the top handrail of the balustrade looking south. At a height of about 1.00 m above the balustrade floor | µFTIR | |
7W | Yellowish organic patina (powder) | From the crystalline-marble hexagonal cladding slab on the south side of the western wall. At a height of about 1.30 m above the balustrade floor | XRPD; µFTIR | |
8W | Stone | On the western terrace, from the southern side of the doorjamb. At a height of about 1.20 m above the balustrade floor | PLOM; XRPD; SEM–EDX; IC | |
9W | Stone | On the western wall, from the arch of the doorframe. At a height of about 2.50 m above the balustrade floor | PLOM; XRPD |