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Table 4 Anions and cations obtained by IC and expressed as percentages by weight

From: Mapping of stones and their deterioration forms: the Clock Tower, Venice (Italy)

Sample

1E

1N

1W

2N

2S

4N

5E

5S

5W

7E

8W

Anions

 Fluoride

0.01

0,01

0,01

 Chloride

0.02

0.03

0.03

0.03

0,13

0.03

0.03

0,07

0,05

0,04

0.03

 Nitrate

0,05

0,04

0,06

0,03

 Sulphate

0.03

0.03

-

0.03

1,09

0.03

0,68

0,13

0,05

0.04

Cations

 Sodium

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.04

0.26

0.03

0.04

0.11

0.02

0.04

0.04

 Ammonium

0.08

0.10

0.05

0.09

-

0.06

0.07

0.11

0.10

0.09

0.09

 Potassium

0.08

0.08

-

-

0.10

0.09

0.14

 Magnesium

0.13

0.05

0.38

0.07

0.02

0.15

0.59

0.08

0.28

0.13

0.66

 Calcium

1.63

1.66

1.44

1.66

5,06

1.82

1.58

3.03

2.36

1.75

2.19

  1. In bold, ions connected with the presence of Halite (NaCl); in italics, ions connected with the presence of Gypsum (CaSO4∙2H2O); underlined, ions connected with the presence of Mg-bearing carbonates