Table 5 Areal percentage coverage of each weathering form and of five TDR levels
From: Mapping of stones and their deterioration forms: the Clock Tower, Venice (Italy)
Group of weathering forms | % Area | Group of weathering forms | % Area | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DL | South Façade | East Façade | West Façade | Total | DL | South Façade | East Façade | West Façade | Total | ||||
Crack and Deformation | Crack | 1 | n.a | n.a | n.a | n.a | Detachment | Blistering | 1 | 0,2 | 0 | 0 | 0,1 |
2 | n.a | n.a | n.a | n.a | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
3 | n.a | n.a | n.a | n.a | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
4 | n.a | n.a | n.a | n.a | 4 | 0,8 | 0 | 0 | 0,6 | ||||
5 | n.a | n.a | n.a | n.a | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Deformation | 1 | 2.8 | 8.1 | 2.0 | 3.4 | Disintegration | 1 | 0.5 | 25.4 | 13.1 | 5.4 | ||
2 | 0.4 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | ||||
3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Discoloration and deposit | Crust | 1 | 2.1 | 0 | 2.5 | 1.9 | Peeling | 1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 0.5 | |
2 | 3.1 | 0 | 0 | 2.3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
3 | 2.8 | 0 | 0 | 2.1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
4 | 0.9 | 0 | 0 | 0.6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Bleaching | 1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 | 0.7 | Material loss | Erosion | 1 | 2.3 | 11.3 | 13.1 | 4.9 | |
2 | 0.9 | 7.9 | 0 | 1.7 | 2 | 1.4 | 14.7 | 16.0 | 5.1 | ||||
3 | 0.1 | 11.3 | 15.7 | 3.6 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
4 | 0 | 5.9 | 4.2 | 1.3 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Staining | 1 | 0.6 | 6.1 | 8.7 | 2.4 | Microkarst | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 2 | 2.3 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 2.0 | ||||
3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 3 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | ||||
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Efflorescence | 1 | 0.6 | 4.6 | 5.8 | 1.8 | Missing Part | 1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | ||
2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | ||||
3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | ||||
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Graffiti | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Biological colonization | Lichen | 1 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0 | 0.7 | |
2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 0 | 0.2 | ||||
3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Patina | 1 | 6.1 | 7.1 | 14.2 | 7.3 | Fungus | 1 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 0 | 2.0 | ||
2 | 10.9 | 5.9 | 5.0 | 9.5 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0 | 0.4 | ||||
3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Soiling | 1 | 8.4 | 7.9 | 0.6 | 7.3 | Moss | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | ||
2 | 2.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.0 | 2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
3 | 1.7 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
4 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Stones | Ammonitico Rosso f.V | 0.8 | 5.3 | 4.3 | 1.8 | Plant | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
Scaglia Rossa | 0.1 | 20.3 | 22.3 | 5.7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Istrian Stone | 48.6 | 43.1 | 39.9 | 46.7 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Proconnesian Marble | 19.7 | 6.2 | 7.2 | 16.3 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
White Carrara Marble | 3.1 | 14.7 | 15.1 | 6.2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Pavonazzetto Toscano Marble | 2.1 | 0 | 0 | 1,5 | TDR | 1 | 27.8 | 19.9 | 29.9 | 27.1 | |||
2 | 18.2 | 18.9 | 6.0 | 16.6 | |||||||||
Fior di Pesco | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 3 | 5.6 | 11.7 | 16.9 | 7.9 | ||||
Porfido Rosso Antico | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 4 | 1.7 | 6.2 | 4.2 | 2.6 | ||||
Mortar-based materials | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 1.1 | 5 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | ||||