The spatial distribution of traditional intangible cultural heritage medicine of China and its influencing factors

Nie, Xin; Ma, MingZhao; Ji, JiaQing; Zheng, LunXing

doi:10.1186/s40494-023-00929-0

Heritage Science

Table 1 Research model

From: The spatial distribution of traditional intangible cultural heritage medicine of China and its influencing factors

Research dimension	Geographical model	Indicator description
Balance of spatial layout	Geographic concentration index $G=\sqrt{\sum_{i=1}^{n}{(\frac{{X}_{i}}{T})}^{2}}\times 100$	$G$ is geographic concentration index; ${X}_{i}$ is the number of traditional medicine traditions in the i-th provincial administrative region; $T$ is the total number of intangible cultural heritage projects involving traditional Chinese medicine; $n$ is the total number of provincial administrative regions in China
	Gini coefficient $G=\frac{-{\sum }_{i=1}^{n}{P}_{i}\mathrm{ln}{P}_{i}}{\mathrm{ln}N}$	$G$ is the spatial Gini coefficient; ${P}_{i}$ is the proportion of nationally identified traditional medicine projects in each region to the total number of projects in the i-th provincial administrative region; $N$ is the total number of provincial administrative regions in China
	Disequilibrium index $S=\frac{{\sum }_{i=1}^{n}{Y}_{i}-50(n+1)}{100\times n-50(n+1)}$	$n$ is the total number of provincial administrative regions in China; ${Y}_{i}$ is the cumulative percentage of traditional medicine ICH projects in the i-th position in descending order of the total number of ICH items in China by province
Spatial distribution type	Index of nearest proximity$R=\frac{\overline{r} }{\overline{{r }_{i}}}$	$\overline{r }$ is the actual average distance between the nearest intangible cultural heritage sites; $\overline{r }$ is the average distance when ICH locations are Poisson distributed in geographic space, calculated as $\overline{{r }_{i}}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{\raise0.7ex\hbox{$n$} \!\mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {n A}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} \!\lower0.7ex\hbox{$A$}}}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{D}}$ $n$ is the number of national traditional medicine ICH in China, $A$ is the area of the Chinese region, and $D$ is the point density
Spatial aggregation analysis	Nuclear density analysis $f\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{nh}\sum_{i=1}^{n}k(\frac{x-{X}_{i}}{h})$	$f\left(x\right)$ is called the kernel function; $h$> 0 is the bandwidth; $x-{X}_{i}$ denotes the distance from the valuation point x to the event ${X}_{i}$
Spatial distribution correlation	Global Moran index $I=\frac{n{\sum }_{p=1}^{n}{\sum }_{q=1}^{n}{W}_{pq}({x}_{p}-\overline{x })({x}_{q}-\overline{x })}{{S}^{2}{\sum }_{p=1}^{n}{\sum }_{q=1}^{n}{W}_{pq}}$	$n$ is the total number of provincial administrative regions in China; ${x}_{p}$ and ${x}_{q}$ are the attribute values of the study area $p$ and $q$ sites; $W$ is the space weight, $\overline{x }$ is the average of $x.$ ${S}^{2}=\frac{1}{n}\sum_{p=1}^{n}{{(x}_{p}-\overline{x })}^{2}$
Spatial distribution correlation	Local Moran index $I=\frac{({x}_{p}-\overline{x })}{{S}^{2}}\times \sum_{q=1}^{n}{W}_{pq}({x}_{q}-\overline{x })$

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Research dimension	Geographical model	Indicator description
Balance of spatial layout	Geographic concentration index \(G=\sqrt{\sum_{i=1}^{n}{(\frac{{X}_{i}}{T})}^{2}}\times 100\)	\(G\) is geographic concentration index; \({X}_{i}\) is the number of traditional medicine traditions in the i-th provincial administrative region; \(T\) is the total number of intangible cultural heritage projects involving traditional Chinese medicine; \(n\) is the total number of provincial administrative regions in China
	Gini coefficient \(G=\frac{-{\sum }_{i=1}^{n}{P}_{i}\mathrm{ln}{P}_{i}}{\mathrm{ln}N}\)	\(G\) is the spatial Gini coefficient; \({P}_{i}\) is the proportion of nationally identified traditional medicine projects in each region to the total number of projects in the i-th provincial administrative region; \(N\) is the total number of provincial administrative regions in China
	Disequilibrium index \(S=\frac{{\sum }_{i=1}^{n}{Y}_{i}-50(n+1)}{100\times n-50(n+1)}\)	\(n\) is the total number of provincial administrative regions in China; \({Y}_{i}\) is the cumulative percentage of traditional medicine ICH projects in the i-th position in descending order of the total number of ICH items in China by province
Spatial distribution type	Index of nearest proximity\(R=\frac{\overline{r} }{\overline{{r }_{i}}}\)	\(\overline{r }\) is the actual average distance between the nearest intangible cultural heritage sites; \(\overline{r }\) is the average distance when ICH locations are Poisson distributed in geographic space, calculated as \(\overline{{r }_{i}}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{\raise0.7ex\hbox{$n$} \!\mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {n A}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} \!\lower0.7ex\hbox{$A$}}}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{D}}\) \(n\) is the number of national traditional medicine ICH in China, \(A\) is the area of the Chinese region, and \(D\) is the point density
Spatial aggregation analysis	Nuclear density analysis \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{nh}\sum_{i=1}^{n}k(\frac{x-{X}_{i}}{h})\)	\(f\left(x\right)\) is called the kernel function; \(h\)> 0 is the bandwidth; \(x-{X}_{i}\) denotes the distance from the valuation point x to the event \({X}_{i}\)
Spatial distribution correlation	Global Moran index \(I=\frac{n{\sum }_{p=1}^{n}{\sum }_{q=1}^{n}{W}_{pq}({x}_{p}-\overline{x })({x}_{q}-\overline{x })}{{S}^{2}{\sum }_{p=1}^{n}{\sum }_{q=1}^{n}{W}_{pq}}\)	\(n\) is the total number of provincial administrative regions in China; \({x}_{p}\) and \({x}_{q}\) are the attribute values of the study area \(p\) and \(q\) sites; \(W\) is the space weight, \(\overline{x }\) is the average of \(x.\) \({S}^{2}=\frac{1}{n}\sum_{p=1}^{n}{{(x}_{p}-\overline{x })}^{2}\)
Spatial distribution correlation	Local Moran index \(I=\frac{({x}_{p}-\overline{x })}{{S}^{2}}\times \sum_{q=1}^{n}{W}_{pq}({x}_{q}-\overline{x })\)