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Table 5 Quantitative results for target organic acids in the ancient samples

From: Wine or Beer? A reinvestigation of residues from bronze vessels from the Beibai’e cemetery, Shanxi China

Sample

Retention time (min)

Peak area response

Detected mass (m/Z)

Target organic acid

Quantitative results (ng/mL)

M1:45 liquid residue

3.713

51821188

224.07

Lactic acid

371.507

7.496

165731

419.10

D-(-)-Tartaric acid

0.375

8.134

7106568

403.10

Malic acid

47.929

8.605

5518540

387.11

Succinic acid

265.313

N/F

N/F

N/F

Fumaric acid

N/F

9.737

11557001

359.08

Oxalic acid

1825.975

10.663

372423

596.15

Citric acid

213.777

M1:48 liquid residue

3.713

51821188

224.07

Lactic acid

371.507

7.496

165731

419.10

D-(-)-Tartaric acid

0.375

8.134

7106568

403.10

Malic acid

47.929

8.605

5518540

387.11

Succinic acid

265.313

N/F

N/F

N/F

Fumaric acid

N/F

9.737

11557001

359.08

Oxalic acid

1825.975

10.663

372423

596.15

Citric acid

213.777

The extract of M1:44 mud residue

3.703

99687315

224.07

Lactic acid

714.66

7.497

138741

419.10

D-(-)-Tartaric acid

0.314

8.134

2450600

403.10

Malic acid

16.459

8.605

42719778

387.11

Succinic acid

2053.824

9.404

544143

385.09

Fumaric acid

1.548

9.740

6108079

359.08

Oxalic acid

965.06

10.664

317987

596.15

Citric acid

182.529

  1. N/F refers to not detected