Heritage Science

Table 1 Composition of ancient pigments through multi-analysis

From: A multi-analytical approach to identify ancient pigments used in pottery towers excavated from the Han Dynasty tombs

Color	Sample	p-XRF	SEM–EDS	Raman (cm⁻¹)	Chemical formula
Black	DAM1-30	Fe > Ca > K		1335, 1617	C (carbon black)
	DAM11-38
	DAM11-30	Fe > K > Ca	O > Ca > Si > Al
	DAM11-37		O > Mn > C > Fe
White	DAM1-30	Ca > S > Fe			CaCO₃ (calcite)
	DAM28			1089
	DAM11-38
	DAM11-30	Ca > S > Fe	O > Si > Ca
Red	DAM1-30	S > Ca > Fe > Hg			HgS (cinnabar)
	DAM11-30	S > Ca > Hg
	DAM15-71		Hg > S > O	256, 281, 344

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